Purpose： sterilized distilled water, saline, phosphate buffer and buffered peptone water were used as diluted water to investigate the affect of different dilutions on the total number of colonies detection. Methods： a total of 90 copies of the six categories of food were selected. The samples were diluted with different kinds of solution. Through paired t test, the relevance and affect on the test results were analyzed. Results： the test results were lower for most of the food samples when the distilled water was used. Using the phosphate buffer as reference, through paired t tests, the P values were 0.000, 0.166, 0.059, respectively, and the difference was significant only when the distilled water was used. Conclusion： In most cases （except high salt or high sugar food）, distilled water is not conducive to the accuracy of the total number of colonies detection, whereas there was no significant different when saline, phosphate buffer or buffered peptone water was used.%目的：对比将灭菌蒸馏水、生理盐水、磷酸盐缓冲液及缓冲蛋白胨水作为稀释液进行食品菌落总数检测的结果,初步探讨各类稀释液对检测结果的影响。方法：将六大类共90份食品,同时使用不同稀释液进行菌落总数检测,通过其检测数据的配对t检验,分析其相关性并探讨其对检测结果的影响。结果：多数食品使用蒸馏水的检测结果偏低,使用磷酸盐缓冲液和生理盐水的检测结果一致性较高,使用缓冲蛋白胨水检测结果偏高,以磷酸盐缓冲液结果为参照,经配对T检验,使用蒸馏水、生理盐水、缓冲蛋白胨水结果的P值分别为：0.000、0.166、0.059,仅使用蒸馏水的数据存在显著性差异。结论：使用蒸馏水在多数情况下（高盐高糖等食品除外）不利于菌落总数的准确检验,而使用生理盐水、磷酸盐缓冲液、缓冲蛋白胨水结果无显著性差异。
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