以小孔节流静压气体轴承为研究对象,从节流孔内的流动出发,通过工程假设实现气体轴承的建模与分析,并借助MATLAB编程,采用有限差分法、牛顿迭代法实现对气膜流场二维设计计算,得到轴承的压力分布和承载力,并分析讨论对轴承承载力可能产生影响的因素,包括偏心率、轴承间隙、供气孔直径、环境温度、节流孔个数、供气压力.结果表明:不同参数对承载力影响不同,偏心率、轴承间隙及供气压力对承载力影响较大,增大偏心率、增大供气压力、减小轴承间隙、减小节流孔直径及增加节流孔个数,均会使轴承承载力变大;节流孔直径及每圈节流孔个数因为实际工程限制存在较佳值.%With the aerostatic bearing with orifice restrictors as the research object,the model of gas bearing considering the gas flow in the orifice was set up based on engineering assumptions.Finite difference method and Newton iteration method were used to obtain gas film flow field,pressure distribution and load capacity with the MATLAB programming.The factors that may affect the load capacity of aerostatic bearing were analyzed and discussed,including eccentricity,bearing clearance,the pore diameter,the ambient temperature,the number of orifices,and supply pressure.The results show different parameter has different effect on load capacity of air bearing.Among them,eccentricity,bearing clearance and supply pressure has greater impact on load capacity.The load capacity will be increased by increasing the eccentricity,increasing supply pressure,decreasing bearing clearance,decreasing pore diameter and increasing number of orifices.Due to the engineering limitations,it exists the preferred value for the number of orifices and the pore diameter.
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