The aim of this paper is to study the stress status of the bolt fastener in coupling under complex load-ings,the research result is greatly beneficial for the analysis of the failure of the screw bolt in coupling. The threads in the bolt and nut are modeled with accurately construct helical thread geometry and implanted into the ANSYS software. Research shows that the model has the ability to simulate the preload of bolt,equivalent stress of coupling under load,and structure stress of the screw bolt in coupling. The finite element results agree with the experimental observations quantitatively. In addition,the fatigue strength and the self relaxation of the screw bolt are more sensitive to the torsional load,which can provide reference for further research on the failure of screw bolt.%研究了联轴器螺栓紧固件在复杂载荷作用下的应力状态，对分析联轴器螺纹螺栓的失效具有重要价值。采用精确几何形状螺纹建模方法对联轴器的螺纹进行了建模，并将其嵌入ANSYS软件对螺纹螺栓的预紧力、联轴器受载后的等效应力和联轴器螺纹螺栓的结构应力进行了仿真分析，并进行了试验对比研究。结果表明：所建立的模型能很好地仿真螺栓自松弛现象，可以认为螺栓松弛乃至结构的疲劳强度对扭转载荷的大小更敏感，能为深入研究联轴器螺纹螺栓的失效提供参考。
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