建筑物节能是当前世界范围的重大课题,无机泡沫材料因具有隔热、保温、隔声、防火功能而成为节能材料领域的主要发展方向.以工业废渣粉煤灰部分取代硅酸盐水泥,研究了粉煤灰-水泥基地质聚合物复合泡沫材料的制备技术,考察了水灰比、发泡剂、聚羧酸减水剂、碱复合激发剂对泡沫材料成型、密度及强度的影响.以H2O2为发泡剂,十二烷基硫酸钠(sodium dodecyl sulfate,SDS)和羟乙基纤维素(hydroxyethyl cellulose,HEC)为复合稳泡剂,聚羧酸为减水剂,单独将Na2SiO3作为激发剂或将KOH/Na2SiO3作为复合激发剂,成功制得密度约0.80 g/cm3、抗压强度约2 MPa的粉煤灰-水泥基地质聚合物泡沫材料,探讨了地质聚合物结构的形成及其增强机制,为提高不烧泡沫水泥的强度与使用可靠性提供了一条新的技术途径.%Buildings' energy conservation is an important issue in the current world.The inorganic foam material has become one of main developing directions in the field of energy engineering due to its multi-functions such as thermal insulation,sound insulation and fire prevention.The preparation technology of geopolymer foamed composite was studied by introducing industrial waste residue fly ash into Portland cement.The influences of water cement ratio,foaming agent,polycarboxylate superplasticizer and alkali compound excitation agent on the forming,density and strength of cement foam were explored.The geopolymer foamed composite with density of about 0.8 g/cm3 and compressive strength of 2 MPa has been prepared successfully by using fly ash and cement as main raw materials,H2O2 as foaming agent,polycarboxylate as superplasticizer,sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as composite foam stabilizer,Na2SiO3 or KOH-/Na2SiO3 as single or compound activator,respectively.The formation and enhancement mechanism of geopolymer structure were discussed.The research provides a new technical way for increasing the strength and operational reliability of conventional cement foam materials prepared at room temperature.
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