生物体系作为一类特殊材料,其电学性质是研究仿生材料设计、电阻抗成像以及电磁场生物效应的发生与防护等问题的基础.目前已有较多复合材料模型被应用于生物体系介电性质问题的研究,但由于生物组织离体后的介电特性会发生较大变化,故已有经典复合材料介电特性模型用于阐释生物体系介电特性还存在一定局限性.从几类典型复合材料理论模型的适用性出发,介绍了生物体系介电特性理论研究进展,总结了理论研究结果与实验测量结果的差异性.分析了复合材料理论模型在生物体系介电性质理论研究中应用的不足并提出了改进的建议,对复合材料理论模型在生物体系电学特性问题研究领域的进一步发展与应用等问题提出了展望.%Biological tissuc is a kind of special material.Its electrical properties are the basis of studying the design of bio-mimetic materials,the development of electrical impedance imaging and the occurrence and protection of biological effects of electromagnetic fields.At present,many composite materials theories have been applied in exploring the dielectric properties of biological systems.However,there are some limitations of the classical composite dielectric properties model in explaining the dielectric properties of biological tissue due to the changes in bio-system itself.From the perspective of applicability of several typical theoretical composites models,the progress of dielectric theory used in biological system is introduced.The difference between theoretical and experimental results is summarized.Then,some shortcomings of the theoretical model of composite materials in studying the dielectric properties of biological systems are analyzed,and the corresponding suggestions are puts forward.The prospects of further development and application of the composite theoretical model in the research of electrical characteristics of biological systems are also discussed.
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