硅氧碳多孔陶瓷耐高温,密度低,比强度高,比表面积大,热导率低,介电性能优良,应用前景广阔.聚合物前驱体转化法已成为颇具前景的陶瓷材料制取手段.文章在简要介绍聚硅氧烷的基础上,从聚硅氧烷热解前、热解过程中以及热解后不同阶段形成特定的孔结构出发,重点阐述了通过聚硅氧烷热解制备硅氧碳多孔陶瓷的工艺研究现状,并提出了亟待解决的问题.%Silicon oxycarbide porous ceramics have promising application due to its characteristics of high temperature resistance,low density,high specific strength,high specific surface area,low thermal conductivity as well as excellent dielectric properties.Pyrolytic ceramization of preceramic polymer precursors has a bright prospect in producing ceramics.Based on a brief introduction to polysiloxanes,this article reviews the research status of preparing silicon oxycarbide porous ceramics from polysiloxanes,with an emphasis on the specific pore structures formed before,during and after pyrolysis.It also discusses some emerging issues in the field.
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