2D-C/C composites are a new type of high-performance structural and functional composite materials based on two-dimensional carbon fiber as their reinforcement and chemical vapor infiltration of pyrolytic carbon or liquid impregnation-carbonization of the resin carbon/pitch carbon as their matrix, and are composed of a pure carbon multiphase two-dimensional structural materials. They have been extensively used in aerospace, aviation and other high-tech fields. The present studies are focused on their macroscopic properties, with difficulties in controllability and adjustablity of their microstructure and properties. Effects of two-dimensional carbon fiber precursors, needle-punched fabric, microstructure of the matrix carbon, additional agents, fiber/matrix interface, interfacial modification and preparation processes on the performance of 2D-C/C composites are analyzed. Anisotropies of their thermophysical properties, mechanical properties and oxidation ablation behavior are described. Moreover, the current situation and research trendency are summarized.%2D-C/C复合材料是以二维碳纤维为增强体,以化学气相渗透的热解碳或液相浸渍炭化的树脂碳、沥青碳为基体组成的一种纯碳多相二维结构材料,是一种新型高性能结构功能复合材料,大量运用在航空航天等高新技术领域.目前研究集中于其宏观性能方面,难点在于其组织结构和性能的可控性、可调性.主要介绍了二维碳纤维预制体和针刺碳纤维,基体碳的微观结构和添加剂,纤维/基体界面和界面修饰,以及制备工艺对2D-C/C复合材料性能的影响.结合2D-C/C复合材料的结构特点,概述了2D-C/C复合材料热物理性能、力学性能及氧化烧蚀等行为的各向异性.此外,还展望了其研究发展方向.
展开▼
