Due to their unique photothermal effect, gold nanostructures have attracted much attention for their potential applications in the ablation of cancer cells. The recent advances in the preparation of gold nanostructures including nanospheres, nanorods, nanoshells, nanocages and nanoclusters, are reviewed. Subsequently, several kinds of surface functionalization ways are summarized. At last, the research progress in their biological application are introduced, including laser-induced drug controlled release, photothermal ablation therapy and NIR photothermal imaging.%金纳米结构材料具有重要的光热转换性质,在癌症治疗方面引起了全世界的高度关注.综述了金纳米结构光热转换材料包括纳米球、纳米棒、纳米壳、纳米笼以及纳米簇等的制备方法和进展,随后总结了其表面功能化的3种方法,即利用双功能的配体直接进行配体交换、二氧化硅包覆、聚合物包覆.最后介绍了其在激光诱导的药物释放、光热治疗、近红外热成像等生物医药方面的应用.
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