以Nb和Nb2O5粉末为原料，采用高温固相还原法合成NbO电极材料。通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、激光衍射粒度分析(LDSA)、充放电测试、循环伏安(CV)测试等手段对材料的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行表征，并通过原位XRD分析测试，探究NbO作为负极材料在锂离子电池中的反应机理。结果表明：NbO用作电极材料的平均嵌锂平台在1.6 V 左右。NbO 对锂的插嵌机理为锂离子的直接脱嵌，是1个单相转变过程。在0.05 C(C 为充放电电流倍率)下，NbO 和球磨处理后(Ball-milling)的 NbO-BM 的首次放电容量分别为220(mA·h)/g和280(mA·h)/g，经过50次循环后，剩余容量分别为170(mA·h)/g和220(mA·h)/g%The NbO electrode materials were successfully synthesized by high temperature solid phase method using Nb and Nb2O5 powder as raw materials. The crystalline structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of the obtained materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, LPSA, half cell charge-discharge tests and cyclic voltammetry. The reaction mechanism of lithium with NbO was investigated by in situ XRD studies. The results show that the average Li storage voltage of the NbO electrode material is nearly located at 1.6 V and the lithium intercalating into NbO remains a single-phase process. For the first discharge, a capacity of 220 (mA·h)/g for NbO and 280 (mA·h)/g for NbO-BM are obtained at a current of 0.05 C, and 170 (mA·h)/g for NbO and 220 (mA·h)/g for NbO-BM are maintained respectively after 50 cycles.
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