Objective To investigate ultrasonic diagnostic value of hydrosalpinx in women undergoing IVF-ET. Methods 280 women undergoing in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were diagnosed as hydrosaloinx by transvaginal sonography (TVS). The ultrasonic diagnostic value and the reasons of misdiagnosis were summarized and analyzed. Results Most of the patients are characterized with mild to moderate hydrosaloinx. The diagnostic accuracy of hydrosaloinx by TVS was 85.3%. Mesotubarium ovarica was the most common reason causing misdiagnosis, following by benign ovarian cyst. Conclusion The diagnostic accuracy of hydrosaloinx by TVS was satisfactory, but not high enough. Identification of sonographic features between hydrosaloinx and mesotubarium ovarica was the key to improve the diagnostic accuracy. Combination with three-dimensional technology can be used for suspected cases to increase diagnostic accuracy and avoid unnecessary surgery.%目的：探讨拟行体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）患者输卵管积水的超声诊断准确率。方法回顾性分析280例经阴道超声（TVS）诊断为输卵管积水行腹腔镜检查的IVF-ET患者，总结超声诊断准确率以及误诊原因。结果 IVF-ET患者输卵管积水多为轻、中度，TVS诊断准确率为85.3%，误诊病例中多因输卵管系膜囊肿而被误诊为子宫输卵管积水，其次为卵巢囊肿。结论TVS诊断IVF-ET患者输卵管积水准确率较满意，但仍需进一步提高，加强轻度输卵管积水与输卵管系膜囊肿的超声鉴别图像是提高诊断准确率的关键，对可疑病例应联合三维技术提高其诊断准确率，避免非必要的手术。
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