炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种发生在肠道的非特异性炎症性疾病.遗传因素、免疫功能紊乱、肠道屏障功能障碍以及肠道微生态改变等多种因素均可能参与了IBD的发生发展.随着下一代测序等微生物学检测技术的不断进展,肠道微生态变化与IBD的关系亦备受关注.肠道微生物参与宿主物质代谢、促进宿主营养物质的消化吸收,在调节免疫、维持正常肠道生理功能等多个方面发挥重要作用.IBD患者存在肠道微生态改变,其改变可能与IBD发生有关,因此,调节肠道菌群结构,抑制和缓解肠道炎症,重建肠道免疫稳态成为治疗IBD的一种新方式.%Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a non-specific inflammatory disease that occurs in the intestine.Genetic factors,immune disorders,intestinal barrier dysfunction and intestinal microecological changes may be involved in the develo pment of IBD.Along with the continuous progress of microbiology detection techniques such as the next generation sequencing,the relationship between intestinal microecological changes and IBD is also of great concern.Intestinal microbiome plays an important role in regulating the metabolism of host,promoting digestion and absorption of host nutrients,and in regulating immunity and maintaining normal intestinal physiological functions.IBD patients have intestinal microe cological changes,which may be related to the occurrence of IBD.Therefore,regulating intestinal flora structure,inhibiting and alleviating intestinal inflammation,and reconstruction of intestinal immune homeostasis has become a new treatment of IBD.
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