用对结核分枝杆菌特异性很强的引物b对21种分枝杆菌和13种非分枝杆菌进行PCR扩增，并对扩增产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳。结果表明：受试菌种用引物b在退火温度61 C时，扩增的敏感性为50fg，且只能扩出结核分枝杆菌、胃分枝杆菌，且他们扩增片段的分子量也不相同。可见，用引物b，必要时辅以引物a，对分枝杆菌16S～23S rDNA间隔区序列进行扩增，可以快速有效地鉴定分枝杆菌临床分离株，是分枝杆菌鉴定的一种新方法。%Using the prime b(special to M. tuberculosis) to amplify 21 mycobacterium and 13 nonmycobacterium, the products amplified were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity was 50fg at annealing temperature 61 C ,and only M. tuberculosis, M. gastri were amplified, those results showed: the clinical isolated mycobacterium can be differentiated and detected quickly and efficiently by using the prime b(using the prime a when necessary) to amplify 16S～23S rDNA spacer sequence of mycobacterium.
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