目前高速公路车辆碰撞事故发生率居高不下,但相关研究成果主要集中在基于前后距离测量的单车碰撞预警,无法避免车辆连环碰撞.车辆连环碰撞预警的主要技术难题是车辆的精确定位问题,因为高速公路存在缺少电源、车辆高速移动、不相邻车辆的非视距,以及海量设备安装维护的低成本要求等限制,造成定位困难.为此,提出了基于超宽带(Ultra Wideband,UWB)无源射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)相对定位和基于自差分卫星的绝对定位方法,二者协同工作实现高速公路车辆的精确定位.研究成果可用于车辆连环碰撞预警、物联网及其他高精度位置服务领域.%Currently,highway vehicle collision accident rate remains high,but the related research mainly focuses on single-vehicle collision warning based-on ranging of adjacent vehicles,which is not a good way to avoid the chain collision.The main technical challenge of chain collision warning is precise positioning of vehicles.This challenge arises from special restrictions on highway such as lack of power supply,high speed of vehicles,non-line-of-sight of nonadjacent vehicles,low-cost requirement of massive equipment installation and maintenance,etc.In order to address these challenges,a hybrid positioning approach is proposed.The scheme is that,both the relative positioning based on UWB passive RFID and the absolute positioning based on the self-differential satellite signal work collaboratively,and then the precise positioning of the vehicle on highway can be achieved.The research results can be used for vehicle chain collision warning,Internet of things and other areas of high-precision location-based services.
展开▼
