The spontaneous combustion gangue dump has different combustion characteristics in its different development stages. Based on the spontaneous combustion mechanism of the gangue dump and the spontaneous combustion characteristics in its different development stages, the spontaneous combustion of gangue dump was divided into four stages, namely, the incubation period, occurrence period, development period and decline period, thus the safe area, dangerous area and most dangerous area for the treatment construction of the spontaneous combustion gangue dump were determined. According to the spontaneous combustion rule of gangue dumps, corresponding treatment methods such as covering method, grouting method and so on can be selected so as to seize the favorable opportunity and effectively prevent and control the spontaneous combustion of gangue dumps.%自燃煤矸石山处在不同发育阶段具有不同的燃烧特点。根据矸石山自燃机理和自燃发展不同时期的特征，划分出矸石山自燃的孕育期、发生期、发展期、衰退期4个阶段，由此确定治理施工的安全区、危险区和高危险区。根据矸石山自燃规律，可以选择覆盖法、注浆法等相应的治理方法，抓住有利的治理时机，以有效预防和整治煤矸石山的自燃。针对不同发育时期的煤矸石山燃烧特点，选择不同的预防和整治措施，可以达到事半功倍的效果。
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