为了提高煤层的透气性,改善瓦斯抽采效果,许多煤矿对水力压裂技术进行了研究和应用实践。介绍了水力压裂技术原理及工艺,分析了该技术的煤体增透、改变煤体强度、平衡地应力等多重效应。通过实施水力压裂技术,平煤十矿单孔瓦斯抽采时间由原来的7~9 d延长到80多d,单孔瓦斯抽采量最大提高120多倍；神火集团梁北矿“三软”煤层单孔瓦斯抽采浓度由4．4%提高到95．0%,瓦斯抽采总量由237．9 m3/d提高到1404．4 m3/d；贵州六枝工矿2372机巷、1470中巷实施10次水力压裂后,瓦斯抽采时间大幅延长,抽采效率明显提高,消突效果达到预期目标。%In order to enhance the gas permeability of coal seams and improve gas drainage effect, research and application practice were carried out on the hydraulic fracturing technology in many coal mines. In this paper, the principle and process of the hydraulic fracturing technology were described and analysis was made on the multiple effect of this technology including the improvement of coal gas permeability, the change of the coal body strength and the balance of the strata stress. The application of the hydraulic fracturing technology showed that in Pingdingshan No. 10 Mine, the gas drainage time by single hole extended from original 7~9 d to more than 80 d, and the gas drainage quantity by single hole increased 120 times;in Liangbei Mine of Shenhuo Group, the gas drainage concentration form “three soft” coal seam by single hole increased from 4. 4% to 95. 0% and the total gas drainage quantity increased from 237. 9 m3/d to 1 404. 4 m3/d; in Guizhou Liuzhi Mine, after the hydraulic fracturing technology was implemented for 10 times in 2372 machine roadway and 1470 middle roadway, the gas drainage time greatly extended, the gas drainage efficiency was obviously improved, and the expected outburst-eliminating effect was achieved.
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