China is rich in iron ore resources, but reserve-production ratio is far below the world average of 57, only 15. This shows that exploitation intensity of iron ore is increasing, and the depletion of reserves is too fast. As a result, we have substantially increased the input into iron ore resources exploration;and mineral resources with proven reserves are growing faster. However, the exploration is inadequate;reserves upgrade is slow;and the structure is irrational. This paper argues that with great potential for the prospecting in China, we should develop new mining area in the western region, strengthen the prospecting on deep ore body in central and eastern China and the prospection in the depth and periphery of old mine. This paper forecasts that the peak demand will might be in the 2015-2020. With the promotion of reserve and increase of exploration intensity, iron ore production capacity will be further unleashed;the degree of dependence upon import will have the potential to below 50%;and then iron ore supply pressure can be alleviated effectively.%我国铁矿资源丰富，但储采比约为15，远低于世界57的平均水平，说明近年我国铁矿开采强度较大，储量消耗过快。铁矿资源勘查投入大幅增长，使得查明资源储量增长较快，但勘查程度较低，储量升级缓慢，结构不合理。铁矿资源找矿潜力较大，总的方向是西部开拓新区，中东部加强深部找矿及老矿山深部外围找矿。我国铁矿石需求最高峰可能出现在2015-2020年间。随着储量升级及勘查程度提高，铁矿石原矿产能进一步释放，对外依存有降至50%以下的可能，铁矿石供应压力进而得到有效缓解。
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