采用电子束焊接技术,研究厚度为20 mm的AlCu0.5,AlSiCu,AlSil三种高纯铝合金分别与6061铝合会的焊接效果.通过添加铝硅焊片来改善异种铝合金焊接的组织性能.对焊缝区域组织的分析表明,不同焊片添加最改变铝合金焊缝中的Si含量,从而对焊接的裂纹敏感性有显著的影响.当焊缝中Si含量在1%左右时容易产生裂纹缺陷,随着焊缝中Si含量的增高,焊缝中的裂纹逐渐减小,直至没有裂纹缺陷的产生.焊缝的硬度也随焊缝中Si含、量的增高而变大.针对不同的高纯铝合金与6061的焊接,通过添加合适的铝硅焊片,能获取组织性能优异的焊缝.%The welding effects of the 20mm thickness dissimilar high-purity Al alloys (AlCuO.5, AlSiCu, AlSi1) with 6061 Al alloy are investigated by electron beam welding.The organizational performances of the welding joints of the dissimilar aluminum alloys are improved by the addition of the Al-Si solders.It is indicated by the welding organizations analysis that the Si content in welding joint varies to the dosage of Al-Si solder, and the sensitivity of the welding crack is significantly influenced by the Si content.Crack defects are easy to form when the Si content is about 1％ in the welding joint.The higher the Si content is, the smaller the sensitivity of the welding crack has, until there is no crack defect with enough content of Si.The hardness of welding joints is increased with the increase of the Si content.For different high-purity aluminum alloys which weld with 6061 aluminum alloy, the excellent microstructure and properties of welding joints can be achieved by the addition of the appropriate Al-Si solder pieces.
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