It mainly introduced: The first, the primary sources in space radiation, which include Galactic Cosmic rays (GCRs) , Solar Particle Events (SPEs) , Trapped Radiation formed by charged particles trapped in geomagnetic field, secondary particles radiation produced due to interactions between charged particles and Earth' s atmosphere. The second the contributions of mostly components to radiation dose. The third the methods for measuring space radiation, includes passive and active detectors, and their advantages and disadvantages.%重点介绍了三方面内容,一是空间辐射的主要来源:银河宇宙射线、太阳粒子事件、带电粒子被地球磁场捕获形成的捕获辐射以及它们与地球大气层相互作用而形成的次级粒子辐射；二是主要辐射成分对剂量的贡献；三是空间辐射的测量方法:常用的被动式和主动式探测器,比较了它们的优缺点.
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