目的:分析北京铁路客运职工健康体检人群的体检结果,对慢性病危害因素进行综合分析,做到早发现、早预防、早诊断、早治疗.提高对慢性病危险因素的认识,改变生活方式和健康行为,提高生活质量.方法:2016年2~3月客运系统4303名职工集中进行健康体检,将体检结果按照各年龄段主要异常结果检出率、主要异常结果男女检出率分别进行分析比较.根据体检结果,做出相应的健康指导和干预措施.结果:体检结果显示,常见慢性病检出率分布于各个年龄段,其中男性职工异常指标检出率较高的疾病是:超重肥胖75.28%,脂肪肝60.56%,脂代谢异常57.95%,血压增高44.25%,骨质疏松和骨量减少27.46%,糖代谢异常25.95%,甲状腺形态异常25.75%,心电图异常23.00%.女性职工异常指标检出率较高的疾病是:乳腺增生32.46%,超重肥胖30.79%,心电图异常24.46%,甲状腺形态异常23.88%,骨量减少和骨质疏松23.31%,脂肪肝21.58%,脂代谢异常21.01%,子宫肌瘤11.02%,血压增高8.99%.各年龄段慢性病检出率随年龄增长而逐步增高,各种慢性病检出率男性高于女性(P<0.05).结论:客运系统职工的健康状况不容乐观,慢性病检出率较高,患各种慢性病的风险较高,主要原因是男性承担的工作压力和社会压力较大,再加上吸烟、饮酒、运动量小等不良生活方式的影响.所以加强职工健康宣传、健康维护、健康管理,建立良好的生活方式和健康行为,改善健康状况,提高生活质量,积极开展健康指导尤为重要.%Objective:To analyze the physical examination results of health workers in Beijing Railway Bureau and to give a comprehensive analysis of chronic disease risk factors, making it possible to take early prevention when detected and receive diagnosis and treatment as early as possible, therefore improving the awareness of chronic disease risk factors and changing the way of life and health behavior to improve the quality of life.Methods:A total of 4303 workers in the passenger system from February 2016 to March 2016 received physical examination together.The results of the physical examination were compared according to the detection rate of the main abnormalities in each age group and the main detectable rate of abnormal in male and female.According to physical examination results, appropriate health guidance and intervention measures were taken.Results:The results of physical examination showed that the detection rate of common chronic diseases was distributed in all age groups.The diseases with high detection rate of male workers were 75.28% of overweight and obesity, 60.56% of fatty liver, 57.95% of abnormal lipid metabolism and 44.25% of hypertension, 27.46% of osteoporosis and bone loss, 25.95% of abnormal glucose metabolism, 25.75% of thyroid abnormalities and 23.00% of abnormal ECG.The diseases with high detection rate of female workers were breast hyperplasia with 32.46%, overweight and obesity with 30.79%, abnormal ECG with 24.46%, thyroid abnormalities with 23.88%, bone loss and osteoporosis with 23.31%, fatty liver with 21.58%, metabolic abnormalities with 21.01%, uterine fibroids with 11.02% and hypertension with 8.99%.The detection rate of chronic diseases in all ages increased gradually with age, and the detection rate of chronic diseases of males was higher than that of females (P<0.05).Conclusion:The health status of the workers in the passenger transport system is not optimistic.The detection rate of chronic diseases is higher and the risk of suffering from chronic diseases is higher, which is mainly due to the work pressure and social pressure of men, plus smoking, drinking, exercise and other adverse lifestyle effects.Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the health promotion, health maintenance and health management of the workers to establish a good way of life and health behavior, thus improving the health status and the quality of life.It is significantly to carry out health guidance actively.
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