近几年来,油田管道泄漏事件时有发生,主要是因为油田开发水驱后期,采出液含水率逐年上升,组分不断变化,腐蚀因素日趋复杂;部分油田采出水矿化度高,腐蚀性离子和溶解氧含量高,介质腐蚀性较强;多层系叠合开发共用地面系统,导致管道垢下腐蚀严重;此外,自然外力和第三方破坏也成为管道泄漏的重要原因.对管道泄漏原因进行系统分析的结果表明,从腐蚀评价、管材选取、防腐工艺、路由选择、泄漏检测、水工保护等方面采取措施,可降低管道运行风险,延长使用寿命,确保油田可持续发展.%In recent years,the oil pipeline leakage occurs frequently.The reasons mainly include following aspects:in the late period of oilfield development water flooding,water content in produced liquid is rising year by year,components are changing constantly and corrosion factors becomes increasingly complex;partofthe oilfield produced water has the higher degree of salinity,corrosive ions,dissolved oxygen content and has high-corrosive medium;multilayer development and common surface gathering system can also cause pipeline corrosion under the scale.In addition,the natural forces and the third party damage are also become important reasons of pipeline leakage.By systematic analysis of the pipeline leakage reasons,measures such as corrosion evaluation,pipe material selection,anti-corrosion technology,routing,leak detection,the hydraulic protection and so on can be taken.These measures can reduce the risk of pipeline operation,prolong service life and ensure the sustainable development of the oilfield.
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