With the practical and theoretical development on the utilization of oceans, especially when the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea became effective in 1982 and the implementation of Free-dom of Navigation Program by US navy, the Freedom of Navigation and its institutional tension, originated from ideology of Freedom of the Seas, has accordingly witnessed constant development and progress. The in-stitutional tension of system of Freedom of Navigation makes a prominent contribution to both the coordina-tion of global and regional interest, and the construction of legal order of Arctic passage, characterized by international morality. International Maritime Organization dominates in optimization and construction of legal order of Arctic passage, which is exemplified in the fact that a series of regulations and laws concern-ing the Arctic Passage has come into force, such as International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters. The coordination of the institutional tension of Freedom of Navigation makes the core of the construction of legal order of Arctic passage, bearing the common welfare of nations, which in turn promotes the develop-ment and perfection of the Freedom of Navigation and its institutional tension.%海洋航行自由脱胎于海洋自由的思想体系，随着海洋实践与理论不断推陈出新，特别是1982年《联合国海洋法公约》的生效以及美国单边推行“航行自由计划”，导致海洋航行自由的制度张力不断演进。海洋航行自由的制度张力在协调北极航道利益博弈以及构建能够承载国际道义的北极航道秩序上具有重要功效。国际海事组织（ IMO）在优化和构建北极航道秩序中具有支配性地位，这一点在《极地航行准则》的推行中得到实证性印证。海洋航行自由的制度张力的协调，成为构建北极航道秩序的核心和关键，而承载着国际公共利益的北极航道秩序，亦不断促使海洋航行自由的制度张力内涵不断发展和完善。
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