Arsenic in Rice Soils and Potential Agronomic Mitigation Strategies to Reduce Arsenic Bioavailability: A Review

Lalith D.B.SURIYAGODA; Klaus DITTERT; Hans LAMBERS

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Arsenic in Rice Soils and Potential Agronomic Mitigation Strategies to Reduce Arsenic Bioavailability: A Review

机译：水稻土中的砷和降低砷生物利用度的潜在农学缓解策略：综述

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Soils used for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in some areas contain high concentrations of arsenic (As) due to irrigation with groundwater containing As and intensive use of agrochemicals or industrial residues containing As.To restrict rice uptake of As in these soils,approaches to reduce As input and bioavailability must be considered.One approach to reduce As input into rice soils or uptake by rice is cultivating rice under aerobic,intermittent flooding,or alternate wetting and drying (AWD) conditions,rather than in submerged soils,or use of irrigation water low in As.For reducing As bioavailability in soil,aerobic or AWD rice culture and application of biochar,sulfur (S),and/or rice polish to soil are promising.Moreover,use of As-hyperaccumulating plant species (e.g.,Pteris vittata L.) in rotation or combinations with favourable plant species (e.g.,Azolla,Chlorella,or Nannochloropsis species) can also be promoted,in addition to using rice cultivars that are tolerant to As.Though applications of high doses of phosphorus (P),iron (Fe),and silicon (Si) fertilizers have shown promise in many instances,these methods have to be practiced carefully,because negative effects have also been reported,although such incidents are rare.Major factors affecting As speciation and bioavailability in soil are chemical properties such as redox status,pH,and Fe,P,Si,and S concentrations,physical properties such as texture and organic matter,and biological properties such as methylation activity by soil microorganisms.However,as many of these factors interact,long-term examination under field conditions is needed before measures are recommended for and implemented in farmers' fields.

机译：由于用含砷的地下水灌溉和大量使用含砷的农药或工业残留物的灌溉，某些地区用于水稻（Oryza sativa L.）种植的土壤含有高浓度的砷（As）。为限制水稻在这些土壤中的吸收，必须考虑减少砷输入和生物利用度的方法。一种减少砷向水稻土壤或水稻吸收的方法是在有氧，间断洪水或交替湿润和干燥（AWD）条件下（而不是在淹没土壤中）或在土壤中种植水稻。减少土壤中As的生物利用度，好氧或AWD水稻培养以及向土壤中施用生物炭，硫（S）和/或水稻油的生物炭的应用是很有希望的。此外，使用As富集植物物种（除了使用能耐受As.Thoug的水稻品种外，还可以促进轮作或与有利的植物物种（例如，满江红，小球藻或拟南芥）结合使用。在许多情况下，高剂量的磷（P），铁（Fe）和硅（Si）肥料的施用已显示出希望，这些方法必须谨慎实践，因为也已报告了负面影响，尽管这种情况很少发生影响土壤形态和生物利用度的主要因素是化学性质如氧化还原状态，pH，Fe，P，Si和S浓度，物理性质如质地和有机质以及生物学性质如土壤微生物的甲基化活性但是，由于许多因素相互作用，因此在建议并在农民田间实施措施之前，需要在田间条件下进行长期检查。

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《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2018年第3期|363-382|共20页
作者
Lalith D.B.SURIYAGODA; Klaus DITTERT; Hans LAMBERS;
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作者单位

Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400(Sri Lanka);

Department of Crop Science, Section of Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, University of G(o)ttingen, G(o)ttingen 37075(Germany);

School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009(Australia);

Department of Crop Science, Section of Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, University of G(o)ttingen, G(o)ttingen 37075(Germany);

School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009(Australia);

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Arsenic in Rice Soils and Potential Agronomic Mitigation Strategies to Reduce Arsenic Bioavailability: A Review

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