Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Split Application Ratio on Nitrogen Use and Soil Nitrogen Balance in Cotton Fields

LI Pengcheng; DONG Helin; LIU Aizhong; LIU Jingran; SUN Miao; LI Yabing; LIU Shaodong; ZHAO Xinhua; MAO Shuchun

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Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Split Application Ratio on Nitrogen Use and Soil Nitrogen Balance in Cotton Fields

机译：施氮量和分施比例对棉田氮素利用和土壤氮素平衡的影响。

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The Yellow River valley is one of the three largest cotton production areas in China.An experiment was performed in cotton fields of Anyang,China from 2013 to 2014 to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) application rate and the ratio between basal and topdressing N fertilizer on N balance in a soil-plant system,N use efficiency,and cotton yield.Five N application rates as treatments were applied with the same split application ratio.Half of the N (50％ basal fertilizer) was applied at pre-planting and the other half (50％ topdressing fertilizer) at the initial flowering stage.These treatments were:zero N (N0,control),90 kg N ha-1 (N90 (5/5)),180 kg N ha-1 (N180 (5/5)),270 kg N ha-1 (N270 (5/5),a reduced N rate),and 360 kg N ha-1 (N360 (5/5),a conventional N rate).Additional 2 split application ratios as treatments were applied with the same N rate of 270 kg N ha-1.The split application ratios between basal N and topdressing N were 30％:70％ (N270 (3/7)) and 70％:30％ (N270 (7/3)).Results demonstrated that soil NH4-N content in the 0-60 cm layer and NO3-N content in the 0-20 cm layer increased with increased N rate at the squaring and boll-opening stages and then decreased to lower levels at the initial flowering and harvest stages.Soil NO3-N content in the 20-60 cm layer after the initial flowering stage increased with the increase of topdressing N rate.Soil apparent N surplus varied at different growth stages,while the soil apparent N surplus over the entire growth period exhibited a positive relationship at N rates over 180 kg ha-1.Seed cotton yield of N270 (3/7) was the highest of all treatments.Plant N uptake,N agronomic efficiency,and apparent N recovery efficiency of N270 (3/7) were significantly higher than those of N270 (5/5) and N270 (7/3) in both growing seasons.These suggest both economic and ecological benefits in cotton production in the Yellow River valley could be created,by appropriately reducing total N application rate and increasing the ratio of topdressing to basal N fertilizer at the initial flowering stage.

机译：黄河流域是中国三个最大的棉花生产区之一。2013年至2014年在中国安阳的棉田进行了一项试验，调查了氮肥施用量以及底肥与追肥氮比的影响。土壤-植物系统中氮平衡的肥料，氮的利用效率和棉花产量。以相同的分割施用比例施用五种氮肥施用量。在种植前施用一半的氮（50％基础肥料）处理的另一半（50％追肥）在开花初期。这些处理方法为：零氮（N0，对照），90千克氮ha-1（氮90（5/5）），180千克氮ha-1（ N180（5/5）），270千克N ha-1（N270（5/5），减少了氮的施用量）和360千克N ha-1（N360（5/5），常规是减少了氮的施用）。在270 kg N ha-1的相同氮素施肥条件下，施肥时分两次施肥。基氮和追肥施氮肥的施肥比例分别为30％：70％（N270（3/7））和70％：30。％（N270（7/3））。结果结果表明，在开平方和铃铃生长期，0-60 cm层土壤NH4-N含量和0-20 cm层土壤NO3-N含量随着氮素含量的增加而增加，而在开花初期和开花期则降低至较低水平。开花期后，60-60 cm层土壤NO3-N含量随着追施N比例的增加而增加。土壤表观N剩余量在不同生育阶段有所不同，而土壤表观N剩余量在整个生长期在氮肥施用量超过180 kg ha-1时表现出正相关关系。在所有处理中，棉籽N270（3/7）的产量最高。植物吸收N，农艺效率和N270的表观N回收率（3/7））在两个生长季节都显着高于N270（5/5）和N270（7/3），这表明通过适当减少总氮肥的施用量，可以在黄河谷地区棉花生产中产生经济和生态效益率和增加比例在开花初期对基础氮肥进行追肥。

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来源
《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2017年第4期|769-777|共9页
作者
LI Pengcheng; DONG Helin; LIU Aizhong; LIU Jingran; SUN Miao; LI Yabing; LIU Shaodong; ZHAO Xinhua; MAO Shuchun;
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作者单位

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000 China;

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收录信息中国科学引文数据库(CSCD);中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD);
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正文语种 eng
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Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Split Application Ratio on Nitrogen Use and Soil Nitrogen Balance in Cotton Fields

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