Incorporation of Biochar Carbon into Stable Soil Aggregates: The Role of Clay Mineralogy and Other Soil Characteristics

Charlene N.KELLY; Joseph BENJAMIN; Francisco C.CALDER(O)N; Maysoon M.MIKHA; David W.RUTHERFORD; Colleen E.ROSTAD

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Incorporation of Biochar Carbon into Stable Soil Aggregates: The Role of Clay Mineralogy and Other Soil Characteristics

机译：将生物炭碳掺入稳定的土壤团聚体中：粘土矿物学和其他土壤特征的作用

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Aggregation and structure plav key roles in water-holding capacity and stability of soils.In this study,the incorporation of carbon (C) from switchgrass biochar into stable aggregate size fractions was assessed in an Aridisol (from Colorado,USA) dominated by 2:1 clays and an Alfisol (from Virginia,USA) containing weathered mixed 1∶1 and 2∶1 mineralogy,to evaluate the effect of biochar addition on soil characteristics.The biochar was applied at 4 levels,0,25,50,and 100 g kg-1,to the soils grown with wheat in a growth chamber experiment.The changes in soil strength and water-holding capacity using water release curves were measured.In the Colorado soil,the proportion of soil occurring in large aggregates decreased,with concomitant increases in small size fractions.No changes in aggregate size fractions occurred in the Virginia soil.In the Colorado soil,C content increased from 3.3 to 16.8 g kg-1,whereas in the ＜ 53 μm fraction C content increased from 5.7 to 22.6 g kg-1 with 100 g kg-1 biochar addition.In the Virginia soil,C content within aggregate size fractions increased for each size fraction,except the ＞ 2 000 μm fraction.The greatest increase (from 6.2 to 22.0 g kg-1) occurred in the 53-250 μm fraction.The results indicated that C was incorporated into larger aggregates in the Virginia soil,but remained largely unassociated to soil particles in the Colorado soil.Biochar addition had no significant effect on water-holding capacity or strength measurements.Adding biochar to more weathered soils with high native soil organic content may result in greater stabilization of incorporated C and result in less loss because of erosion and transport,compared with the soils dominated by 2∶1 clays and low native soil organic content.

机译：聚集和结构在土壤的持水能力和稳定性中起关键作用。在这项研究中，以2为主要成分的Aridisol（来自美国科罗拉多州）评估了柳枝char生物炭中碳（C）掺入稳定的聚集体大小分数中的作用： 1种粘土和一种Alfisol（来自美国弗吉尼亚州），含有风化的1∶1和2∶1混合矿物学，以评估生物炭添加对土壤特性的影响。以4、0、25、50和100的水平施用生物炭g kg-1，在小麦生长室内试验中测定。用水分释放曲线测定土壤强度和持水量的变化。在科罗拉多州土壤中，大团聚体中土壤的比例下降，随着弗吉尼亚州土壤中的总粒径分数没有变化。在科罗拉多州土壤中，C含量从3.3增加到16.8 g kg-1，而在<53μm分数中，C含量从5.7增加到22.6。 g kg-1和100 g kg-1 b在弗吉尼亚州土壤中，除> 2,000μm馏分外，每个粒度级分的总粒度级分中的C含量均增加。最大增加值（从6.2增至22.0 g kg-1）出现在53-250μm级分。结果表明，碳被掺入到弗吉尼亚土壤中较大的团聚体中，但在很大程度上与科罗拉多土壤中的土壤颗粒无关。生物炭的添加对持水量或强度测量没有显着影响。与以2∶1粘土为主的土壤和较低的天然土壤有机质含量相比，天然土壤有机质可能导致掺入的C的稳定性更高，并且由于侵蚀和运输而损失更少。

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《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2017年第4期|694-704|共11页
作者
Charlene N.KELLY; Joseph BENJAMIN; Francisco C.CALDER(O)N; Maysoon M.MIKHA; David W.RUTHERFORD; Colleen E.ROSTAD;
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West Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, 337 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA;

U.S.Geological Survey, MS 408, PO Box 25046, Building 95, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 USA;

USDA-ARS, Central Great Plains Research Station, 40335 County Road, GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA;

USDA-ARS, Central Great Plains Research Station, 40335 County Road, GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA;

USDA-ARS, Central Great Plains Research Station, 40335 County Road, GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA;

U.S.Geological Survey, MS 408, PO Box 25046, Building 95, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 USA;

U.S.Geological Survey, MS 408, PO Box 25046, Building 95, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 USA;

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Incorporation of Biochar Carbon into Stable Soil Aggregates: The Role of Clay Mineralogy and Other Soil Characteristics

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