Spatial Distribution of Magnetic Properties and Selected Heavy Metals in Calcareous Soils as Affected by Land Use in the Isfahan Region, Central Iran

Z. DANKOUB; S. AYOUBI; H. KHADEMI; LU Sheng-Gao

摘要

Anthropogenic activities have caused the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil environment.Pollution of the soils significantly reduces environmental quality and affects human health. In many recent studies,magnetic susceptibility measurements have been used for pollution monitoring.The objective of this research was to determine the spatial variability of magnetic properties and selected heavy metals and the effect of land use on their variability in the surface soils of the Isfahan region,Central Iran.A total of 158 composite surface (0-5 cm) samples of calcareous soils were collected from an area of about 700 km2,located along a cross-border transect from Isfahan City to a steel plant,covering urban,industrial,agricultural,and uncultivated land uses. Concentrations of copper (Cu),zinc (Zn),lead (Pb),manganese (Mn),iron (Fe),nickel (Ni),chromium (Cr),and cobalt (Co) and magnetic parameters,magnetic susceptibility at low frequency (xlf),natural remanent magnetization (NRM),saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM),and isothermal remanent magnetization at the field of 100 mT (IRM100mT) and the backfield of 100 mT (IRM-100mT),were measured in all the soil samples.Results showed that magnetic susceptibility in the urban and industrial land topsoils (0-5 cm) samples was significantly higher than that in the agricultural and uncultivated land soils in the study area.Concentrations of Cu,Zn,Pb,Mn,and Fe were positively correlated with magnetic properties (xlf,IRM100mT,SIRM,IRM-100mT,and NRM),which could be attributed to their inputs from traffic emissions and industrial activities at the study sites.Ni and Cr concentrations showed significant negative correlations with magnetic properties.No significant correlation was found between Co concentration and magnetic parameters.The Tomlinson pollution load index (PLI) showed significant correlation with the magnetic properties (xlf,IRM100mT,SIRM,IRM-100mT,and NRM).The spatial distribution of the selected heavy metals and xlf in the study area suggested that activities at the urban and industrial land sites caused greater pollution as compared to that at the study sites of other land uses.The concentrations of Cu and Zn seemed to have been affected by anthropogenic sources,whereas Ni,Cr,and Co were mainly controlled by natural sources in the study area.Moreover,the concentrations of soil Pb and Fe in the study area could be affected by both lithologic and anthropogenic sources.The magnetic parameters appeared to be a proxy measure for the degree of heavy metal contamination and could be a potential method for the detection and mapping of contaminated soils.

机译：人为活动已导致土壤环境中重金属的积累，土壤污染会大大降低环境质量并影响人体健康。在最近的许多研究中，磁化率测量已用于污染监测。这项研究的目的是确定伊斯法罕地区表层土壤的磁性和某些重金属的空间变异性以及土地利用对它们的变异性的影响。伊朗中部。从伊斯法罕市到钢铁厂的跨界样地，从大约700平方公里的区域收集了158个钙质土壤复合表面样本（0-5厘米），覆盖城市，工业，农业和未耕地的土地利用。铜（Cu），锌（Zn），铅（Pb），锰（Mn），铁（Fe），镍（Ni），铬（Cr）和钴（Co）的浓度以及磁参数，低磁化率分别测量了在100 mT磁场（IRM100mT）和100 mT反向磁场（IRM-100mT）的频率（xlf），自然剩磁（NRM），饱和等温剩磁（SIRM）和等温剩磁。结果表明，研究区域内城市和工业用地表土（0-5 cm）的磁化率明显高于农业用地和未耕作的土壤.Cu，Zn，Pb，Mn和铁与磁特性（xlf，IRM100mT，SIRM，IRM-100mT和NRM）呈正相关，这可能归因于研究地点的交通排放和工业活动对铁的影响.Ni和Cr浓度与磁呈显着负相关。特性之间没有发现显着相关性Co浓度和磁参数。汤姆林森污染负荷指数（PLI）与磁特性（xlf，IRM100mT，SIRM，IRM-100mT和NRM）呈显着相关。研究中所选重金属和xlf的空间分布该地区表明，与其他土地利用研究地点相比，城市和工业用地的活动造成了更大的污染。铜和锌的浓度似乎受人为来源的影响，其中镍，铬和钴为主要由研究区的自然资源控制。此外，研究区的土壤铅和铁的浓度都可能受到岩性和人为来源的影响。磁参数似乎可以作为衡量重金属污染程度的指标。可能是检测和绘制污染土壤的潜在方法。

Spatial Distribution of Magnetic Properties and Selected Heavy Metals in Calcareous Soils as Affected by Land Use in the Isfahan Region, Central Iran

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