Current Soil Nutrient Status of Intensively Managed Greenhouses

HU Yun-Cai; SONG Zhi-Wen; LU Wen-Long; C.POSCHENRIEDER; U.SCHMIDHALTER

摘要

Nine districts covering the main greenhouse vegetable areas in Tianjin Municipality of the North China Plain were selected for the soil investigation in 2010 to survey the current soil nutrient status (soil available N,P and K),acidification and salinization due to excessive input of fertilizers in greenhouses in Tianjin. The study showed that,in particular,soil available P content increased with the age of greenhouses.In contrast,our results did not reveal higher K accumulation and lowered pH in the greenhouse soils compared with cultivation in open fields.Over-fertilization,causing high NO3- accumulation,most likely resulted in salinity problems in the greenhouses.Ninety percent of the investigated greenhouse soils had electrical conductivity values of saturated paste extracts of 2-10 d S m-1,which might affect the yields of vegetable crops like green bean,pepper,cabbage,carrot,eggplant,lettuce,spinach,celery,cucumber and tomato. The findings of our survey of the current fertility and salinity problems in greenhouse soils suggest that there is an urgent need to improve the farmers' practices and strategies in fertilization management in greenhouses of China.Because education and the agricultural technical extension services may play a more important role in avoiding overuse of fertilizers,we suggest that current nutrient management practices should be improved in the near future through training of local farmers in farmers' schools and through strengthening the agricultural extension services with practical techniques.

机译：选择华北平原天津市主要温室蔬菜区的9个区域作为2010年的土壤调查对象，以调查当前土壤养分状况（土壤有效氮，磷和钾），肥料过量投入导致的酸化和盐碱化在天津的温室里研究表明，特别是土壤中的有效磷含量随着温室年龄的增长而增加。相比之下，我们的结果并未显示与露天种植相比，温室土壤中的K积累更高，pH值更低。 NO3的积累很可能导致温室中的盐分问题。被调查的温室土壤中有90％的饱和糊状提取物的电导率为2-10 d S m-1，这可能会影响蔬菜作物（如绿豆）的产量，辣椒，白菜，胡萝卜，茄子，生菜，菠菜，芹菜，黄瓜和番茄。我们对当前温室土壤肥力和盐分问题的调查结果表明，迫切需要改善中国大棚农民的施肥管理实践和策略，因为教育和农业技术推广服务可能会发挥更大作用在避免肥料过度使用方面起着重要作用，我们建议应在不久的将来通过在农民学校对当地农民进行培训并通过以实用技术加强农业推广服务来改善当前的养分管理做法。

Current Soil Nutrient Status of Intensively Managed Greenhouses

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