New Insights into the Nitrogen Form Effect on Photosynthesis and Photorespiration

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New Insights into the Nitrogen Form Effect on Photosynthesis and Photorespiration

机译：氮形态对光合作用和光呼吸作用的新认识

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Under high light conditions, ammonium nutrition has a negative effect on plant growth. This suggests that the adverse effects of ammonium nutrition on plant growth may be related to carbon gain, photosynthesis, and photorespiration.However, there is no consistent evidence of a specific mechanism that could explain the plant growth reduction under ammonium supply. It is generally accepted that during the light reaction, a surplus of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen phosphate (NADPH) is produced, which is not completely used during the assimilation of CO2. Nitrate reduction in the leaf represents an additional sink for NADPH that is not available to ammonium-grown plants. Nitrate and ammonium nutrition may use different pathways for NADPH consumption, which leads to differences in photosynthesis and photorespiration. The morphological (i.e., cell size, mesophyll thickness, and chloroplast volume) and enzymic (i.e.,ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), and glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthetase (GS/GOGAT)) differences that develop when plants are treated with either nitrate or ammonium nitrogen forms are related to photosynthesis and photorespiration. The differences in photorespiration rate for plants treated with nitrate or ammonium are related to the conversion of citrate to 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) and photorespiratory CO2 refixation.

机译：在强光条件下，铵营养对植物生长有负面影响。这表明铵营养对植物生长的不利影响可能与碳的获取，光合作用和光呼吸有关。但是，没有一致的证据表明可以解释铵供应下植物生长减少的特定机制。通常认为，在光反应过程中会产生过量的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氢盐（NADPH），在吸收CO2时并未完全使用。叶片中硝酸盐的减少代表了NADPH的另一个汇，该铵汇不适用于铵生植物。硝酸盐和铵盐营养可能会通过不同途径消耗NADPH，这会导致光合作用和光呼吸的差异。形态学（即细胞大小，叶肉厚度和叶绿体体积）和酶学（即核糖-1,5-双磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶（Rubisco），磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶（PEPCase）和谷氨酰胺合成酶/谷氨酸合成酶（GS / GOGAT）））用硝酸盐或铵态氮处理植物时产生的差异与光合作用和光呼吸有关。用硝酸盐或铵盐处理过的植物在光呼吸速率上的差异与柠檬酸盐向2-氧戊二酸酯（2-OG）的转化以及光呼吸CO2的固定有关。

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《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2007年第5期|601-610|共10页
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College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China;

College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China;

College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China;

College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China;

College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,China;

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收录信息中国科学引文数据库(CSCD);中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 chi
中图分类农业基础科学;
关键词
ammonium, nitrate, nitrogen form, photorespiration, photosynthesis;

机译：铵;硝酸盐;氮形式;光呼吸;光合作用;
入库时间 2022-08-19 04:04:15

New Insights into the Nitrogen Form Effect on Photosynthesis and Photorespiration

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