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N Mineralization as Affected by Long-Term N Fertilization and Its Relationship with Crop N Uptake

机译：长期氮肥对氮矿化的影响及其与作物氮素吸收的关系

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摘要

A field experiment established in 1997 was conducted to study the effect of long-term N fertilizer application on N mineralization in a paddy soil determined using a laboratory anaerobic incubation followed with a field incubation and to measure the relationship between in situ N mineralization and crop N uptake. To estimate N mineralization in the laboratory, soil samples were collected from plots with N application at different rates for six years and were incubated.Soils treated with fertilizer N mineralized more N than unfertilized soils and mineralization increased with N application rates. Also, the fraction of total N mineralized increased with increasing N fertilizer application. These findings meant that a substantial portion of previously applied N could be recovered slowly over time in subsequent crops. The field incubation of the plot receiving no fertilizer N showed that the NH4+-N concentration varied greatly during the rice-growing season and seasonal changes of N mineralization were due more to accumulation of NH4+-N than NO3--N. Rice N uptake increased up to a maximum of 82 kg N ha-1 during the season. The close agreement found between in situ N mineralization and rice N uptake suggested that the measurement of in situ N mineralization could provide useful recommendations for adequate fertilizer N application.
机译：于1997年进行的田间试验旨在研究长期施用氮肥对稻田土壤中氮矿化的影响，该试验是通过实验室厌氧培养和田间培养确定的，并测量原位氮矿化与作物氮之间的关系。摄取。为了估算实验室中的N矿化度，从以不同比例施用N的地块中收集土壤样品六年，然后进行孵育。用N肥料处理的土壤比未施肥的土壤矿化了更多的N，随着N施用率的增加，矿化度增加。而且，随着施氮量的增加，矿化的总氮含量也增加。这些发现意味着先前施用的氮的相当一部分可以在随后的作物中随着时间的推移缓慢回收。未施氮肥的田间田间孵化表明，水稻生长季节中NH4 + -N的浓度变化很大，氮矿化的季节变化更多是由于NH4 + -N的积累而不是NO3--N引起的。在该季节中，水稻吸收的氮最多增加到82 kg N ha-1。在原位氮矿化与水稻吸收氮之间达成的密切协议表明，对原位氮矿化的测量可以为适当施用肥料氮提供有用的建议。

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