Effect of Fertilization on Soil Fertility and Wheat Yield of Dryland in the Loess Plateau

HAO Ming-De; FAN Jun; WEI Xiao-Rong; PEN Lin-Fa; LAI Lu

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Effect of Fertilization on Soil Fertility and Wheat Yield of Dryland in the Loess Plateau

机译：黄土高原旱地施肥对土壤肥力和小麦产量的影响。

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Long-term fertility experiments have become an important tool for investigating the sustainability of cropping systems.Therefore, a long-term (18-year) fertilization experiment was conducted in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, China,to ascertain the effect of the long-term application of chemical fertilizers and manure on wheat yield and soil fertility in the Loess Plateau, so as to provide a scientific basis for sustainable land management. The experiment consisted of nine fertilizer treatments with three replicates arranged in a completely randomized design: 1) CK (no fertilizer); 2) N (N 120 kg ha-i); 3) P (P 26.2 kg ha-1); 4) NP (N 120, P 26.2 kg ha-1); 5) M (manure 75 t ha-1); 6) NM (N 120 kg ha-1,manure 75 t ha-1); 7) PM (P 26.2 kg ha-1, manure 75 t ha-1); 8) NPM (N 120, P 26.2 kg ha-1, manure 75 t ha-1);and 9) fallow (no fertilizer, no crop). N fertilizer was applied in the form of urea and P was applied as calcium super phosphate. The results showed that precipitation had a large effect on the response of wheat yield to fertilization. Manure (M), NP, PM, NM, and NPM treatments significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05) average yield. In the NP, PM, NM and NPM treatments, the percentage increases in yield due to fertilization were highest in normal years, and lowest in the drought years. Long-term P application enhanced soil available P markedly, and manure applications contributed more to soil fertility than chemical fertilizers alone. Chemical fertilizers applied together with manure distinctly improved soil fertility.The results also showed that the soil nutrient concentration changed mainly in the 0-60 cm layers and fertilization and planting only slightly affected soil nutrients below the 100 cm layers.

机译：长期的肥力试验已成为研究作物系统可持续性的重要工具。因此，在陕西省昌武县进行了长期（18年）的施肥试验，以确定长期肥力的影响。黄土高原地区化肥和肥料的长期施用对小麦产量和土壤肥力的影响，为可持续土地管理提供科学依据。该实验由9种肥料处理组成，其中3个重复以完全随机的设计安排：1）CK（无肥料）; 2）N（N 120千克ha-i）; 3）P（P 26.2 kg ha-1）; 4）NP（N 120，P 26.2 kg ha-1）; 5）M（肥料75 t ha-1）; 6）NM（N 120 kg ha-1，肥料75 t ha-1）; 7）PM（P 26.2 kg ha-1，肥料75 t ha-1）; 8）NPM（N 120，磷26.2 kg ha-1，肥料75 t ha-1）;以及9）休耕（无肥料，无农作物）。氮肥以尿素的形式施用，磷以过磷酸钙的形式施用。结果表明，降水对小麦产量对施肥的响应影响很大。粪肥（M），NP，PM，NM和NPM处理显着提高了平均产量（P ＜0.05）。在NP，PM，NM和NPM处理中，由于施肥导致的增产百分比在正常年份最高，而在干旱年份最低。长期施用磷肥显着提高了土壤中的有效磷，而施用肥料比单独使用化肥对土壤肥力的贡献更大。化肥与肥料的配合使用显着提高了土壤肥力。研究结果还表明，土壤养分浓度主要在0-60 cm层变化，施肥和种植对100 cm以下的土壤养分影响较小。

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《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2005年第2期|189-195|共7页
作者
HAO Ming-De; FAN Jun; WEI Xiao-Rong; PEN Lin-Fa; LAI Lu;
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作者单位

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 China;

College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry,Yangling 712000 Chian;

State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Yangling 712100 China;

College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry,Yangling 712000 Chian;

College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry,Yangling 712000 Chian;

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 China;

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 China;

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收录信息中国科学引文数据库(CSCD);中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 chi
中图分类
关键词
dryland wheat yield; long-term fertilization; soil fertility;

机译：旱地小麦产量;长期施肥;土壤肥力;

Effect of Fertilization on Soil Fertility and Wheat Yield of Dryland in the Loess Plateau

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