Comparison of Soil Biota Between Organic and Conventional Agroecosystems in Oregon, USA

WU Shan-Mei; HU Dun-Xiao; E. R. INGHAM

摘要

Soil samples at 0-10 cm in depth were collected periodically at paired fields in Corvallis, Oregon, USA to compare differences in soil microbial and faunal populations between organic and conventional agroecosystems. Results showed that the organic soil ecosystem had a significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) average number or biomass of soil bacteria; densities of flagellates, amoebae of protozoa; some nematodes, such as microbivorous and predaceous nematodes and plant-parasitic nematodes; as well as Collembola. Greater numbers of Rhabditida (such as Rhabditis spp.), were present in the organic soil ecosystem while Panagrolaimus spp. were predominant in the conventional soil ecosystem. The omnivores and predators of Acarina in the Mesostigmata (such as Digamasellidae and Laelapid), and Prostigmata (such as Alicorhaiidae and Rhagidiidae), were also more abundant in the organic soil ecosystem. However, fungivorous Prostigmata (such as Terpnacaridae and Nanorchestidae) and Astigmata (such as Acarida) were significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) in the conventional soil ecosystem, which supported the finding that total fungal biomass was greater in the conventional soil ecosystem. Seansonal variations of the population depended mostly on soil moisture condition and food web relationship.The population declined from May to October for both agroecosystems. However, higher diversities and densities of soil biota survived occurred in the organic soil ecosystem in the dry season.

机译：定期在美国俄勒冈州科瓦利斯的成对田地中，收集深度为0-10厘米的土壤样品，以比较有机和常规农业生态系统之间土壤微生物和动物种群的差异。结果表明，有机土壤生态系统的土壤细菌平均数量或生物量均显着较高（P ＜0.05）。鞭毛虫的密度，原生动物的变形虫;一些线虫，例如微生物食虫线虫和食虫线虫和植物寄生线虫;以及Collembola。有机土壤生态系统中存在数量更多的横纹夜蛾（Rhabditis spp。），而Panagrolaimus spp。在传统的土壤生态系统中占主导地位。中生食虫中的car螨的杂食性和捕食者（如Digamasellidae和Laelapid）和Prostigmata（如Alicorhaiidae和Rhagidiidae）在有机土壤生态系统中也更为丰富。然而，在常规土壤生态系统中，真菌前体（如Terpnacaridae和Nanorchestidae）和Astigmata（如Acarida）明显较高（P ＜0.05），这支持了常规土壤生态系统中真菌总生物量更大的发现。人口的季节变化主要取决于土壤水分状况和食物网关系。两种农业生态系统的人口从5月到10月下降。然而，干旱季节有机土壤生态系统中存活的土壤生物多样性和密度更高。

Comparison of Soil Biota Between Organic and Conventional Agroecosystems in Oregon, USA

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