Responses of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity to Agricultural Deintensification

ZHANG Wei-Jian; S.HU; RUI Wen-Yi; C.TU; H.G.DIAB; F.J.LOUWS; J.P.MUELLER; N.CREAMER; M.BELL; M.G.WAGGER

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Responses of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity to Agricultural Deintensification

机译：土壤微生物群落结构和多样性对农业集约化的响应

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Using a scheme of agricultural fields with progressively less intensive management (deintensification), different management practices in six agroecosystems located near Goldsboro, NC, USA were tested in a large-scale experiment, including two cash-grain cropping systems employing either tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT), an organic farming system (OR), an integrated cropping system with animals (IN), a successional field (SU), and a plantation woodlot (WO). Microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and substrate utilization patterns (BIOLOG ECO plates) were measured to examine the effects of deintensification on the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities. Principle component analyses of PLFA and BIOLOG data showed that the microbial community structure diverged among the soils of the six systems.Lower microbial diversity was found in lowly managed ecosystem than that in intensive and moderately managed agroecosystems, and both fungal contribution to the total identified PLFAs and the ratio of microbial biomass C/N increased along with agricultural deintensification. Significantly higher ratios of C/N (P ＜ 0.05) were found in the WO and SU systems, and for fungal/bacterial PLFAs in the WO system (P ＜ 0.05). There were also significant decreases (P ＜ 0.05)along with agricultural deintensification for contributions of total bacterial and gram positive (G+) bacterial PLFAs.Agricultural deintensification could facilitate the development of microbial communities that favor soil fungi over bacteria.

机译：使用一项集约化程度逐渐降低的农业计划（去集约化），对位于美国北卡罗来纳州戈德斯伯勒附近的六个农业生态系统的不同管理实践进行了大规模试验，包括两个采用任一耕种（CT）的现金谷物种植系统或免耕（NT），有机耕作系统（OR），带动物的综合种植系统（IN），演替场（SU）和人工林（WO）。测量了微生物磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）的分布图和底物利用模式（BIOLOG ECO板），以检查去强化作用对土壤微生物群落结构和多样性的影响。 PLFA和BIOLOG数据的主成分分析表明，这六个系统的土壤中微生物群落结构存在差异。低集约型生态系统中微生物群落的多样性低于集约型和中度集约型农业生态系统，并且两种真菌均对确定的PLFA总数有所贡献随着农业集约化程度的提高，微生物生物量碳氮比增加。在WO和SU系统中发现的C / N比明显更高（P ＜0.05），而在WO系统中发现了真菌/细菌PLFAs（P ＜0.05）。随着农业去集约化对总细菌和革兰氏阳性（G +）细菌PLFAs的贡献也显着降低（P ＜0.05）。农业去集聚化可以促进有利于土壤真菌而不是细菌的微生物群落的发展。

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来源
《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2005年第4期|440-447|共8页
作者
ZHANG Wei-Jian; S.HU; RUI Wen-Yi; C.TU; H.G.DIAB; F.J.LOUWS; J.P.MUELLER; N.CREAMER; M.BELL; M.G.WAGGER;
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作者单位

Department of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 China;

Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695,USA;

Department of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 China;

Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695,USA;

Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695,USA;

Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695,USA;

Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 ,USA;

Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 ,USA;

Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 ,USA;

Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 ,USA;

Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695,USA;

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收录信息中国科学引文数据库(CSCD);中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 chi
中图分类土壤学;
关键词
agricultural deintensification; agroecosystems; carbon retention; soil microbial community;

机译：农业集约化;生态系统;碳保留;土壤微生物群落;

Responses of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity to Agricultural Deintensification

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