Long-Term Fertilization Effect on Fertility of Salt-Affected Soils

NIU Ling-An; HAO Jin-Min; DING Zhong-Yi; LI Xin-Bo; NIU Xin-Sheng; ZHANG Bao-Zhong

摘要

The long-term effects of annual fertilizer applications on the fertility of salt-affected soils under the rotation system of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) are not well documented. In 1984, research plots were established to test the effects of annual applications of different rates of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers on the fertility of a salt-affected soil (Typic Ustochrept) at the Quzhou Experimental Station, Quzhou County, Hebei Province, China.In October 2001, composite soil samples (0-20 and 20-40 cm) were collected from each plot and analyzed for soil fertility indices. Seventeen years of N and P fertilizer applications increased the soil organic matter (SOM) in the surface layer.With combined N, 270 (N1) and 540 (N2) kg N ha-1 year-1, and P, 67.5 (P1) and 135 (P2) kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1,fertilizer applications, total soil N mostly significantly decreased (P ＜0.05). Soil total P in the 0-20 cm layer of the P2 treatment significantly (P ＜ 0.05) increased as compared to those of the other treatments. Rapidly available P (RP)in the 0-20 cm layer of the N1P2 treatment was significantly higher than those in the other treatments except the P2 treatment; and RP in the 0-20 cm layer of the P2 treatment significantly increased as compared to those of the other treatments except the P1 and N1P2 treatments. RP in the subsurface soil layer (20-40 cm) of the P2 treatment (4.2 mg P kg-1) was significantly (P ＜0.05) higher than those in the other treatments. Nevertheless, long-term N fertilization did not significantly increase the alkali-hydrolyzable N in the soil. However, in the salt-affected surface soils the application of combined N and P fertilizers over 17 years significantly (P ＜0.05) decreased rapidly available potassium (K). The results suggested that while under long-term fertilizer applications some soil fertility parameters could be maintained or enhanced, careful monitoring of soil fertility was necessary as other nutrients such as K could become depleted.

机译：在小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和玉米（Zea mays L.）的轮作系统下，年度施肥对盐分土壤肥力的长期影响尚未得到充分记录。 1984年，在Qu州县the州实验站，建立了研究用地，以测试每年施用不同比例的氮（N）和磷（P）肥料对盐渍土壤（典型的Ustochrept）的肥力的影响。中国河北省.2001年10月，从每个样地收集了复合土壤样品（0-20和20-40 cm），并分析了土壤肥力指数。氮肥和磷肥施用十七年后，增加了表层土壤有机质（SOM），氮肥共施用270（N1）和540（N2）kg N ha-1 year-1和P，67.5（P1）和135（P2）kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1，施肥后，土壤总氮大部分显着下降（P ＜0.05）。与其他处理相比，P2处理的0-20 cm层土壤总磷显着增加（P ＜0.05）。 N1P2处理的0-20 cm层中速效P（RP）显着高于其他处理（P2处理除外）;与P1和N1P2处理以外的其他处理相比，P2处理在0-20 cm层的RP和RP显着增加。 P2处理（4.2 mg P kg-1）的地下土壤层（20-40 cm）中的RP显着高于其他处理（P ＜0.05）。然而，长期施用氮肥并不能显着增加土壤中碱解性氮的含量。然而，在受盐渍影响的表层土壤中，氮磷复合肥的施用超过17年（P ＜0.05）显着降低了速效钾（K）。结果表明，在长期施用肥料的情况下，可以保持或提高某些土壤肥力参数，但必须谨慎监测土壤肥力，因为其他养分（例如钾）可能会耗尽。

Long-Term Fertilization Effect on Fertility of Salt-Affected Soils

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