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Crop Yield, N Uptake and Nitrates in a Fluvo-Aquic Soil Profile

机译：潮土土壤剖面中的作物产量，氮素吸收和硝态氮

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摘要

The effects of different chemical fertilizer combinations (N, P and K) on crop yield, N uptake and nitrate distribution and accumulation to a depth of 100 cm were studied in a cinnamon fiuvo-aquic soil profile (Beijing) with a continuous winter wheat-summer maize cropping system for nine years. The experiment consisted of 7 treatments: no fertilizer control (CK); N alone, N in combination with K (NK), P (NP), and P and K (NPK and N1PK); and P and K in combination without N (PK). The rate of N was 150 kg ha-1 for the N treatments except Treatment N1PK with higher N rate (195 kg ha-1), and the rates of P (P2O5) and K (K2O) were 75 and 37.5 kg ha-1, respectively. The applications of N combined with P and K (NK, NP and NPK) resulted in higher crop yields than a single application of N. The yields followed the order: NPK ＞NP ＞ N1PK ＞ PK ＞ NK ＞ N ＞ CK for winter wheat, and NPK ＞ N1PK ＞ NP ＞ NK ＞ N ＞ PK ＞ CK for summer maize. Supplement of N with P or K, or both P and K resulted in a higher average N uptake of the two crops, which was in a decreasing order NPK ＞ NP ＞ N1PK ＞ NK ＞ N ＞ PK ＞ CK. The combinations also increased apparent N recovery more than N alone and CK. The nitrate content in the profile was thus reduced more in the combination treatments. The nitrate accumulation in the soil profiles followed the order:N ＞ NK ＞ N1PK ＞ NPK ＞ NP ＞ CK ＞ PK. Higher N uptake by the adequately fertilized crops (Treatment NPK) reduced nitrate accumulation in the profile and thus reduced nitrate leaching. The optimum N:P:K ratio was thus of paramount importance in increasing yields and N uptake of crops and reducing nitrate leaching losses.
机译：在连续冬小麦连续灌溉的肉桂黄潮土壤剖面（北京）中，研究了不同化学肥料组合（氮，磷和钾）对作物产量，氮素吸收和硝酸盐分布及在100 cm深度的分布和累积的影响。夏玉米种植制度已有九年历史。该实验由7种处理组成：不施肥（CK）;不施肥（CK）。仅N个，N与K（NK），P（NP）以及P和K（NPK和N1PK）结合;和P和K结合在一起而没有N（PK）。 N处理的N含量为150 kg ha-1，但N含量较高的N1PK处理（195 kg ha-1）除外，P（P2O5）和K（K2O）的含量分别为75和37.5 kg ha-1 ， 分别。氮，磷，钾（NK，NP和NPK）配合施用比单施氮提高了作物产量。其产量顺序为：NPK＞ NP＞ N1PK＞ PK＞ NK＞ N＞ N＞ CK夏玉米，NPK＞ N1PK＞ NP＞ NK＞ N＞ PK＞ CK。氮素与磷，钾或磷和钾同时施用会导致两种作物的平均氮吸收量较高，其降序顺序为NPK＞ NP＞ N1PK＞ NK＞ N＞ PK＞ CK。这些组合还比单独使用N和CK增加了更多的表观N回收率。因此，在组合处理中，轮廓中的硝酸盐含量进一步降低。土壤剖面中硝酸盐的积累顺序为：N＞ NK＞ N1PK＞ NPK＞ NP＞ CK＞ PK。适当施肥的农作物对氮的吸收更高（处理氮磷钾），减少了硝酸盐在剖面中的积累，从而减少了硝酸盐的淋失。因此，最佳的N：P：K比例对于提高农作物的产量和氮素吸收量以及减少硝酸盐淋失损失至关重要。

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  • 来源
    《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2004年第1期|131-136|共6页
  • 作者

    ZHANG Shu-Xiang; LI Xiu-Ying; LI Xiao-Ping; YUAN Feng-Ming; YAO Zhao-Hua; SUN Yong-Lin; ZHANG Fu-Dao;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

    Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 China;

  • 收录信息 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD);中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类 农业基础科学;
  • 关键词

    fertilizer combination; N uptake; nitrate distribution and accumulation; yield;

    机译：肥料组合;氮素吸收;硝酸盐分配与累积;产量;
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