Root Exudation of Organic Acids of Herbaceous Pioneer Plants and Their Growth in Sterile and Non-Sterile Nutrient-Poor, Sandy Soils from Post-Mining Sites

Katja BOLDT-BURISCH; Bernd Uwe SCHNEIDER; M.Anne NAETH; Reinhard F.H(U)TTL

摘要

Nutrient-poor,sandy soils form the prevailing substrate at post-mining sites of the Lusatian region (Brandenburg,Germany) and present a challenge for vegetation development.We studied the organic acid quantity and composition of three commonly occurring pioneer plant species,the legumes Lotus corniculatus L.and Trifolium arvense L.and the grass Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth,to determine if plant growth and exudation differed with (non-sterilized soil) and without (sterilized soil) an indigenous soil microbial community.We investigated whether organic acids were found in the rhizosphere and surrounding soil and whether this influenced nutrient mobilization.This study consists of linked field investigations and a greenhouse experiment.Plants were grown in the greenhouse in either sterilized or non-sterilized sandy soil from a reclamation site in the Lusatian mining landscape (Welzow Süd,East Germany).After seven months,the plant biomass,root morphology,organic acids,and water-soluble nutrients and root colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) were analyzed.Roots of all three plants in the field and greenhouse experiments were highly colonized with AMF.Calamagrostis epigeios and T.arvense had a significantly higher colonization frequency with DSE than L.corniculatus.The quantity and composition of organic acids strongly differed among plant species,with the highest number of organic acids found for L.corniculatus and lowest for C.epigeios.The quantity of organic acids was greatly reduced in all plants under sterilized soil conditions.However,the composition of organic acids and plant growth in sterilized soil were reduced for both legumes,but not for C.epigeios,which had a higher biomass under sterilized conditions.Changes in nutrient concentrations in the field rhizosphere soil relative to those in the control were measurable after seven months.While the spectrum of organic acids and the growth of legumes seemed to be dependent on a highly diverse soil microbial community and a symbiotic partner,the grass C.epigeios appeared capable of mobilizing enough nutrients without an indigenous microbial community,and might be more competitive on sites where soil microbial diversity and activity are low.

机译：营养贫瘠的土壤是卢萨斯地区（德国勃兰登堡）采后地点主要的基质，对植被发展提出了挑战。我们研究了三种常见的先锋植物物种豆类的有机酸含量和组成莲花角ic和三叶草和草Calamagrostis epigeios（L.）Roth，以确定在有（未灭菌土壤）和没有（未灭菌土壤）土著土壤微生物群落的情况下植物的生长和分泌是否不同。在根际和周围土壤中发现了有机酸，这是否影响了养分的迁移。本研究包括相关的田间调查和温室试验。在温室中，无论是经过消毒还是未经消毒的沙质土壤，都在种植区中种植了植物。 Lusatian采矿景观（东德WelzowSüd）。七个月后，植物生物量，根系形态，有机酸和水溶性分析了丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）和深色隔生内生菌（DSE）的养分和根部定植，在田间和温室实验中，所有三种植物的根均被AMF高度定殖，Calamagrostis epigeios和T.arvense的定植频率明显更高在不同的植物种类中，有机酸的数量和组成存在很大差异，其中，L.corniculatus的有机酸数量最高，C.epigeios的数量最低。所有植物中有机酸的数量均大大减少。在灭菌土壤条件下。但是，两种豆类均降低了灭菌土壤中有机酸的组成和植物的生长，但在灭菌条件下生物量较高的C.epigeios均未降低。田间根际土壤养分浓度的变化七个月后即可测出对照组的水平。而有机酸的谱图和豆类的生长似乎很正常。在高度多样性的土壤微生物群落和共生伙伴的共同作用下，C.epigeios草似乎能够在没有土著微生物群落的情况下动员足够的养分，并且在土壤微生物多样性和活性较低的地方可能更具竞争力。

Root Exudation of Organic Acids of Herbaceous Pioneer Plants and Their Growth in Sterile and Non-Sterile Nutrient-Poor, Sandy Soils from Post-Mining Sites

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