Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Intensification on Aggregate Size Distribution, Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in a Semi-Arid Soil Under Different Crop Types

Rajasekaran MURUGAN; V.R.Ramakrishna PARAMA; Beate MADAN; R.MUTHURAJU; Bernard LUDWIG

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Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Intensification on Aggregate Size Distribution, Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in a Semi-Arid Soil Under Different Crop Types

机译：氮肥对不同作物类型下半干旱土壤总粒径分布，微生物生物量和酶活性的短期影响

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There is a lack of quantitative assessments available on the effect of agricultural intensification on soil aggregate distribution and microbial properties.Here,we investigated how short-term nitrogen (N) intensification induced changes in aggregate size distribution and microbial properties in a soil of a hot moist semi-arid region (Bangalore,India).We hypothesised that N intensification would increase the accumulation of macroaggregates ＞ 2 mm and soil microbial biomass and activity,and that the specific crop plant sowed would influence the level of this increase.In November 2016,surface (0-10 cm) and subsurface (10-20 cm) soil samples were taken from three N fertilisation treatments,low N (50 kg N ha-1),medium N (75 and 100 kg N ha-1 for finger millet and maize,respectively),and high N (100 and 150 kg N ha-1 for finger millet and maize,respectively).Distribution of water-stable aggregate concentrations,carbon (C) and N dynamics within aggregate size class,and soil microbial biomass and activity were evaluated.The high-N treatment significantly increased the concentration of large macroaggregates in the subsurface soil of the maize crop treatment,presumably due to an increased C input from root growth.Different N fertilisation levels did not significantly affect C and N concentrations in different aggregate size classes or the bulk soil.High-N applications significantly increased dehydrogenase activity in both the surface soil and the subsurface soil and urease activity in the surface soil,likely because of increased accumulation of enzymes stabilised by soil colloids in dry soils.Dehydrogenase activity was significantly affected by the type of crop,but urease activity not.Overall,our results showed that high N application rates alter large macroaggregates and enzyme activities in surface and subsurface soils through an increased aboveground and corresponding belowground biomass input in the maize crop.

机译：缺乏关于农业集约化对土壤团聚体分布和微生物特性影响的定量评估。在这里，我们调查了短期氮强化如何导致高温土壤中集聚体大小分布和微生物特性的变化。我们假设N的强化会增加大于2 mm的大团聚体的积累和土壤微生物的生物量和活性，并且播种的特定农作物会影响这种增加的水平.2016年11月，表层（0-10 cm）和表层（10-20 cm）的土壤样品是从3种氮肥处理中获得的，低氮（50 kg N ha-1），中氮（75和100 kg N ha-1的手指）分别为小米和玉米，以及高氮（指小米和玉米分别为100和150 kg N ha-1）。水稳定的骨料浓度，骨料级和土壤中碳（C）和氮的动态分布微生物量高氮处理显着增加了玉米农作物地下土壤中大型大团聚体的浓度，这可能是由于根系生长增加了碳输入量。不同氮肥水平对氮和碳的浓度没有明显影响。高氮施用显着增加了表层土壤和地下土壤的脱氢酶活性以及表层土壤的脲酶活性，这可能是由于土壤胶体在干燥土壤中稳定的酶积累增加。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，高氮肥施用量通过增加玉米地上和地下相应的生物量输入而改变了表层和地下土壤中的大型团聚体和酶的活性。。

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《土壤圈（英文版）》 |2019年第4期|483-491|共9页
作者
Rajasekaran MURUGAN; V.R.Ramakrishna PARAMA; Beate MADAN; R.MUTHURAJU; Bernard LUDWIG;
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Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhof str.1a, Witzenhausen 37213 ,Germany;

Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences(GKVK), Bangalore 560065 ,India;

Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Kassel, Stein str.19, Witzenhausen 37213 ,Germany;

Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences(GKVK), Bangalore 560065 ,India;

Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhof str.1a, Witzenhausen 37213 ,Germany;

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Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Intensification on Aggregate Size Distribution, Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in a Semi-Arid Soil Under Different Crop Types

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