Effects of Green Manures and Zinc Fertilizer Sources on DTPA-Extractable Zinc in Soil and Zinc Content in Basmati Rice Plants at Different Growth Stages

Amarpreet SINGH; Yashbir Singh SHIVAY

摘要

Rice is very sensitive to low zinc (Zn) supply in submerged paddy soils and Zn deficiency is one of the major limiting factors in determining rice production in India.A field experiment was conducted during the summer-rainy seasons of 2009 and 2010 at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi,to determine the effects of summer green manure crops and Zn fertilizers on diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable (available) Zn concentration in soil and total Zn content in Basmati rice cultivar Pusa Basmati 1 at periodic intervals.Summer green manure crops included Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha),Crotalaria juncea (Sunhemp),and Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and the Zn fertilizers used were ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelated Zn,ZnSO4·7H2O,ZnSO4·H2O,ZnO,and ZnSO4·7H2O + ZnO.Beneficial effects of summer green manure crops and Zn fertilizers on DTPA-extractable Zn concentration in soil and total Zn content in dry matter of Basmati rice at periodic intervals were observed,with significant increases in all the determined parameters,in comparison with those in the control (no Zn application or summer fallow).The rate of increase varied among summer green manure crops and Zn fertilizers during both years.Among the summer green manures,incorporation of S.aculeata led to a significant increase in mean Zn content in Basmati rice grain and straw when compared with C.juncea,V.unguiculata,and summer fallow treatments.Among the Zn fertilizers,significant increases in Zn content in Basmati rice dry matter and DTPA-extractable Zn concentration in soil during various growth stages of the plant were recorded with EDTA-chelated Zn application,followed by the application of ZnSO4·7H2O,ZnSO4·H2O,ZnSOa·7H2O + ZnO,ZnO,and no Zn.The highest mean Zn content in Basmati rice grain and straw was recorded with EDTA-chelated Zn application in 2009 and 2010,respectively.The application of ZnSO4·7H2O was the second best treatment after EDTA-chelated Zn;however,it was statistically inferior to EDTA-chelated Zn.The lowest values were recorded with the control (no Zn application) during both years of study.The amount of Zn concentration in soil was found to be significantly positively correlated with the Zn content in Basmati rice dry matter during both years.Significantly higher levels of residual fertility in soil after the harvest of Basmati rice were observed with application of EDTA-chelated Zn and incorporation of S.aculeata when compared with those of other Zn sources and summer green manures.

机译：水稻对淹水稻田中低锌（Zn）供应非常敏感，而锌缺乏是决定印度水稻产量的主要限制因素之一.2009年和2010年夏雨季节进行了田间试验新德里印度农业研究所的一个农场，以确定夏季绿色粪肥作物和锌肥对二乙烯三胺五乙酸（DTPA）可萃取（可用）土壤中锌浓度和巴斯马蒂水稻品种Pusa Basmati 1中总锌含量的影响夏季绿肥作物包括欧洲绿毛Se（Sesbania aculeata（Dhaincha），猪屎根（Calalaria juncea）（Sunhemp）和Vi豆（Vigna unguiculata）（Cowpea）），所用的锌肥是乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）螯合的Zn，ZnSO4·7H2O，ZnSO4·H2O，ZnO ，以及ZnSO4·7H2O + ZnO。夏季绿肥作物和锌肥对印度大麦时期土壤中DTPA可提取的锌浓度和干物质总锌含量的有益影响观察到dic间隔，与对照相比，所有确定的参数均显着增加（无锌施用或夏季休耕）。在这两年中，夏季绿肥作物和锌肥的增长率均不同。绿肥，沙枣的掺入导致印度香米和稻草中锌平均含量的显着增加，比菊苣，伏牛和夏季休耕处理要多。在锌肥中，锌的含量显着增加。 EDTA螯合的Zn施用记录了印度香米的干物质和植物各个生长时期土壤中DTPA可提取的Zn浓度，随后施用ZnSO4·7H2O，ZnSO4·H2O，ZnSOa·7H2O + ZnO，ZnO和EDTA螯合的Zn分别在2009年和2010年记录了印度大米和稻草中最高的平均Zn含量。ZnSO4·7H2O的施用是仅次于EDTA螯合的Zn的第二好的处理方法。在两年的研究中，与对照（未施用锌）相比，其最低值记录在对照组中（未施用锌）。发现土壤中锌的含量与锌的含量显着正相关。两年中，印度香米的干物质含量较高。与其他锌源和夏季绿肥相比，使用EDTA螯合的锌和掺入小球藻后，发现印度香米收获后土壤中的残留肥力明显较高。

Effects of Green Manures and Zinc Fertilizer Sources on DTPA-Extractable Zinc in Soil and Zinc Content in Basmati Rice Plants at Different Growth Stages

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