The effects of individual and combined additions of urea (100 μg N g-1 soil) and insecticide (triazophos at field rate, FR) under different moisture levels of air-dried soil (AD), 50% of water-holding capacity (WHC), 100% WHC and flooded soil (FS) on some selected soil properties in a paddy field soil were examined in a laboratory incubation study. The results indicated that after 21-day incubation at 25℃, the different moisture levels led to significant changes in the parameters studied. Flooding of soil with distilled water significantly increased the electron transport system (ETS) /dehydrogenase activity and phenol contents of the soil compared to the other moisture levels, while protein and phospholipids behaved differently at varied moisture levels with or without the addition of urea and/or triazophos. Increased ETS activity was observed with N addition at higher moisture levels while insecticide incorporation decreased it at all moisture levels as compared to the control (moisture only). The phenol contents slightly decreased and increased with N and insecticide applications, respectively. The soil protein contents were found to be unaffected among all the soil treatments at all moisture levels. However, among different moisture levels, reduced quantities of proteins were estimated at 50% WHC, suggesting more N-mineralization. Lower quantities of soil biomass phospholipids, among all treatments, were recorded at higher moisture levels (100% WHC and FS) than at the lower levels. An overall slight enhancement in phospholipid contents with N and small reduction with insecticide addition, respectively, was noticed against the untreated soil. The toxicity of fertilizer and insecticide decreased as the soil moisture contents increased, suggesting rapid degradation of agrochemicals.
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机译：The effects of individual and combined additions of urea (100 Ng{-1 soil) and insecticide (triazophos at field rate, FR) underdifferent moisture levels of air-dried soil (AD), 50% of water-holdingcapacity (WHC), 100% WHC and flooded soil (FS) on some selected soilproperties in a paddy field soil were examined in a laboratoryincubation study. The results indicated that after 21-day incubation at25 C, the different moisture levels led to significant changesin the parameters studied. Flooding of soil with distilled watersignificantly increased the electron transport system(ETS)/dehydrogenase activity and phenol contents of the soil comparedto the other moisture levels, while protein and phospholipids behaveddifferently at varied moisture levels with or without the addition ofurea and/or triazophos. Increased ETS activity was observed with Naddition at higher moisture levels while insecticide incorporationdecreased it at all moisture levels as compared to the control(moisture only). The phenol contents slightly decreased and increasedwith N and insecticide applications, respectively. The soil proteincontents were found to be unaffected among all the soil treatments atall moisture levels. However, among different moisture levels, reducedquantities of proteins were estimated at 50% WHC, suggesting moreN-mineralization. Lower quantities of soil biomass phospholipids, amongall treatments, were recorded at higher moisture levels (100% WHC andFS) than at the lower levels. An overall slight enhancement inphospholipid contents with N and small reduction with insecticideaddition, respectively, was noticed against the untreated soil. Thetoxicity of fertilizer and insecticide decreased as the soil moisturecontents increased, suggesting rapid degradation of agrochemicals.
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