采用固定床渣油加氢评价实验装置，在工业催化剂级配方及长周期运行条件下，研究了中东渣油加氢反应过程中试样的胶体稳定性，考察了试样组成、性质和结构变化对体系胶体稳定性的影响。实验结果表明，控制适宜的渣油加氢反应条件有助于体系胶体稳定性的改善和保持；芳香分和胶质的含量越高越有利于体系胶体的稳定，且两者对体系胶体稳定性的作用相当，饱和分含量越高，体系胶体的稳定性越差；沥青质和胶质的平均相对分子质量差异越小，越有利于体系胶体的稳定性；随加氢反应的进行，沥青质芳香环系周边氢取代率增加，芳碳率降低，有利于体系胶体的稳定性。%Colloid stability in Middle East residual oil hydrotreating was researched in a set of continuous fixed-bed test apparatus under commercial operating conditions. The effects of compositions, properties and structures of samples during hydrotreating on the colloidal stability were investigated. The results showed that the suitable operating conditions were beneficial to the improvement of the colloidal stability. The higher the contents of both resins and aromatics in the samples were,the higher the colloidal stability was,and their effect on the colloidal stability was equivalent. On the contrary, the increase of saturates content played a negative role on the colloidal stability. As the difference between the average molecular weights of asphaltenes and resins went down,the colloidal stability of the samples would increase. As the hydrotreating went on,the substitution rate of hydrogen on aromatic rings in asphaltenes increased,which was beneficial to the improvement of the colloidal stability.
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