伏尔加—乌拉尔盆地为东欧地台东部边缘一个典型的前陆盆地,发育前寒武里菲纪—新生代第四纪地层,其中上古生界海相碳酸盐岩地层中发育良好的生、储、盖组合,形成了巨型富油气区,具有广阔的油气资源前景.其构造演化经历了陆内裂谷碎屑岩阶段、被动陆缘碳酸盐岩台地阶段、造山带前陆盆地形成阶段以及前陆盆地碎屑岩阶段.研究表明,该盆地经历了大陆开裂—大陆碰撞整个“威尔逊旋回”的构造运动,具有典型的大型前陆盆地形成与演化特征；被动陆缘阶段发育的生物碳酸盐岩为烃源岩提供了物质基础,而在前陆盆地形成时造山带强烈的区域构造运动为油气运移提供了动力,使油气大规模聚集；盆地东部褶皱带为今后重要的勘探区.%The Volga-Ural Basin is a typical foreland basin in the eastern margin of the Eastern Europe Platform. Subsidence continued from Riphean of pre-Cambrian to Quaternary of Cenozoic. Good assemblages of source rock, reservoir and seal exist in the marine facies carbonate rocks of the middle and upper Paleozoic, resulting in giant petroliferous region which has great potential for petroleum exploration. The tectonic evolution of the basin can be divided into four stages including; 1) clastic rock in intracontinental rift; 2) carbonate tableland in passive margin ; 3 ) foreland basin of orogenic be 4) clastic rock in foreland basin. Studies show that the basin has underwent a complete "Wilson Circle" from continent rift to continent collision, and is regarded as a typical giant foreland basin. Biological carbonate rocks generated during the passive margin stage contributed to hydrocarbon generation. Severe regional tectonic movements of orogenic belt when foreland basin formed provided driving force for petroleum migration and accumulation. Folds in the east of the basin are targets for future exploration.
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