Five types of demulsifiers and their combinations were evaluated by means of thermo-chemical sedimentation dehydration and electrical desalting test, finally, oil soluble DE-2 was selected as the optimum demulsifier for electrical desalting of Venezuela heavy crude oil. The operation conditions for Venezuela heavy crude desalting were investigated by single factor analysis and orthogonal test using a SH-I1 type electric desalter. Results showed that under the optimum desalting conditions of using DE-2 demulsifier with a dosage of 8 μg/g, weak electric field intensity of 500 V/cm, strong electric field intensity of 1 050 V/cm, both treating time of 15 min, sedimentation time of 30 min and system temperature of 130℃, the water content of the treated crude was 0. 196%, which could meet the requirement for downstream processing.%针对委内瑞拉重油易乳化且在电脱盐过程中破乳脱水困难的问题,通过对5种型号破乳剂的单剂及双剂复配的热化学沉降脱水评选及电化学脱水评选实验,选择油溶性DE-2型破乳剂作为委内瑞拉重油电脱盐过程的适宜破乳剂.利用SH-Ⅱ型电脱盐试验仪对委内瑞拉重油电脱盐过程的操作条件进行单因素分析及多因素正交实验优化,确定适宜的操作条件为:弱电场强度500 V/cm,强电场强度1 050 V/cm,强、弱电场的作用时间均为15 min,沉降时间30 min,温度130℃,DE-2型破乳剂加入量(ω)8 μg/g.在此条件下,经电脱盐后,委内瑞拉重油中的水含量(ω)降至0.196％,可满足炼油厂对委内瑞拉重油加工时水含量的要求.
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