The special relativity theory begins with linear space-time transformations in most textbooks;however the rationality of the linearity is vague from a pedagogical view.The line-arity of space-time was derived logically in this paper on the premise of the homogeneity of time-space,the isotropic nature of time-space,and equivalence between inertial frames.The concepts,time transformation scale factor and space transformation scale factor,play a pivotal role in the derivation.Along this line of thought,by setting to be equal the reciprocal scale factors of the two inertial frames,and principle of constancy of light velocity,the Lorentz transform emerges.%尽管线性时空变换是狭义相对论的出发点,但至少从教学角度,对线性变换合理性的论证依然不清晰.笔者根据时空均匀性、时空各向同性和惯性系的等价性,严格地导出了时空的线性变换,其中关键概念是变换的时间缩放系数和空间缩放系数.沿此思路,进一步约束两个坐标系之间的时空缩放系数相等,并利用光速不变原理,导出了洛伦兹变换.
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