近年来,为了降低癌症治疗中药物对正常细胞的副作用,发展响应癌细胞特定微环境变化,并实现药物靶向输送的功能化载药体系,引起了化学和药物学领域学者的广泛关注.以非共价作用构筑的超分子载药体系,在外界刺激下,可实现结构、形貌和功能的动态可逆性转变,从而为设计和发展智能超分子纳米药物载体提供平台.超分子自组装一直是超分子化学和纳米科学较为活跃的研究领域和重要组成部分.基于大环主体构筑新的识别机理,在超分子自组装及相关应用方面扮演着重要的角色.此外,通过特异性修饰主体或客体,可将功能化基团引入超分子体系,从而满足在不同领域应用的要求.通过非共价修饰,超分子纳米体系不仅可以作为理想的药物载体,改善药物水溶解性和稳定性,而且可以实现药物的可控释放.本文根据大环骨架的不同,分类介绍了基于大环主体构筑的超分子载药体系的最新研究进展,并结合该体系的研究现状,对超分子载药体系的发展前景进行了展望.%In recent years,functional drug delivery systems for both targeting drugs to cancer cells and responding to the specific microenvironmental changes of cancer cells for the delivery of the drug have drawn great attention from the chemistry and pharmacology fields in cancer treatment for minimizing undesired effects in the normal cells.Supramolecular drug delivery systems constructed by noncovalent interactions have the ability to realize dynamic reversible switching of structure,morphology and function in response to various external stimuli,thus,providing a platform for designing and developing smart supramolecular nano-drug carriers.It is clear that supramolecular self-assemblies have been an active area of research and an important component of supramolecular chemistry and nanoscience,novel macrocyclic hosts-based recognition motifs,play extremely important roles in supramolecular self-assemblies and related applications.Moreover,functional groups can be introduced into supramolecular systems through specific modification of hosts or guests,so as to meet the requirements for applications in various fields.By noncovalent functionalization,supramolecular nanosystems will be excellent drug carriers,improving the problems imposed by water solubility and stability of drugs as well as realizing controlled release.In this critical review,we summarize recent results in the investigation of macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular nanostructures for controllable anticancer drug delivery,and supramolecular drug delivery systems are classified based on the types of macrocyclic frameworks involved.Finally,the prospects are pointed out based on the current development of this system.
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