近年来,除了荷叶表面,更多具有特殊润湿性的动植物表面同样受到关注。通过研究这些表面微观结构,人们成功地仿生制备出各种功能化超疏水表面,从而更好地满足工业中实际应用的需要。该综述简单地介绍了表面润湿的基本模型和最新的几种特殊表面结构,重点介绍近几年仿生超疏水表面应用的最新研究进展,主要包括超疏水表面在超疏油、表面润湿转换、外界刺激下的润湿行为调控、微流体、抗结冰等方面的应用。最后,对超疏水表面研究的未来发展进行了展望。%In the recent decades,superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted increasing attention in both fundamental research and practical applications due to their water-repellent and self-cleaning properties,inspired from plant leaves in nature,such as lotus leaf with special wettability and fine micro-structures on their surfaces.In this feature article,we review two classical wettability models and mainly focus on the development of the potential applications of biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces in the last three years,including super-oil-repellent surfaces,micro-fluidics,wetting conversion,smart surfaces,and anti-icing.Finally,the promising applications of biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces in the future are proposed.
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