Trace elements play a vital role in life activities.The abnormal level of trace elements,alteration of their speciations,changes of expression,location,structure and function of specific metalloenzyme and metalloprotein are often related to some pathological states,even are the key factors for pathogenesis.Thus the high-throughput analysis of the location,concentration,chemical form of metals in organism is an important subject in life science.In this review,various approaches to extraction and separation of metal-containing proteins are introduced and compared with emphasis on the application of different electrophoresis techniques to separation of metalloproteins.The influence of all these analysis processes to metals associated with proteins is also evaluated,along with the possible approaches to improvement of these processes.%微量元素在生命活动中起着十分重要的作用。体内微量元素（主要指金属元素）水平的反常、存在形态的变化以及特定的金属酶、金属蛋白的表达、定位、结构和功能等方面的变化常常与某些病理状态相关,甚至是关键的病理环节,所以对生物体系中金属蛋白的定位、含量、化学形态及其结构的高通量分析是生命科学研究领域的重要课题。本文介绍并比较了各种金属蛋白的提取、分离方法（包括高效液相、毛细管电泳和电泳技术）及与之对应的元素分析技术（包括激光剥蚀（LA）-等离子体电感耦合质谱（ICP-MS）、同步辐射（SR）-X射线荧光（XRF）技术等）,主要介绍了各种电泳方法在金属蛋白分离中的应用。同时评价各种方法对蛋白结合金属的影响,针对方法的局限性提出了可能的解决办法。
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