研究采用验证性偏差效应研究的典型范式（初步决策——信息选择——最终决策），通过三个子实验对该效应及其发生的基本条件进行了检验。结果发现：个体在社会决策中表现出了对与其已有态度或先前决策行为相一致信息的选择偏好，具有一定的普遍性（实验一、二和三）。通过操作备择信息数量来控制个体信息加工能力的水平后发现，随着信息加工能力限制的增强．个体表现出了显著的验证性偏差效应（实验二）。个体信息加工目标的凸显对验证性偏差效应的发生具有显著的影响．而该效应的程度却受到信息加工目标凸显方向的作用，不论个体信息加工能力的高低，在双向凸显条件下验证性偏差效应的程度均要显著地低于单向凸显条件下的程度水平（实验三）。%People are systematically biased toward that information which is coincident with pre-existing attitude, concept and decision. This kind of bias and behavior is considered as individual＇s selective expo- sure to information; bias concerned is called confirmation bias. In this research focused on Chinese sub- jects, we tested occurring condition and related influential factors of confirmation bias by empirical paradigm. The experiments used the standard paradigm of confirmation bias which has three phases： The pre-decision phase, the information selection phase and the final decision-making phase. Three experimen- tal results of research showed that selective exposure of information and confirmation bias appears in indi- vidual＇s decision-making. When we operated individual information processing ability by alternative infor- mation quantity, the relevance of decision results and individual became an important factor of influencing confirmation bias when four alternative options occur. Meanwhile, bidirectional attitude-expression of deci- sion-maker information target could reduce the occurrence degree of confirmation bias.
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