Big data,as a new engine of the productivity,has been widely used in different areas. Although the industrial chain has already formed,its potential value is not fully exploited due to the information island.Based on introduction of big data connotation,this paper discusses the means of developing big data in different countries.The industry chain of big data is analyzed from such aspects as standard,criterion,storage and management,mining and analysis,operation & application,and the main participants are summed up.In addition,this paper introduces the application of big data in such main fields as internet, government, finance, transportation, manufacture and retailing.%大数据已经成为新的生产力引擎，被广泛地应用到了各个行业。尽管产业链条已经初步形成，但是受信息孤岛的影响，大数据潜在价值的充分发挥仍任重而道远。从大数据的内涵开始谈起，对各国发展大数据的举措进行综述，然后从标准规范、安全、存储与管理、挖掘与分析、运维及应用几个环节对大数据产业的产业链进行阐述，并对主要参与单位进行了归纳，最后介绍大数据在互联网、政府、金融、交通、制造业、零售等主要领域的应用情况。
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