Aiming at multi-serial ports communication in communication system at present, the scheme of extending multi-serial ports for real-time communication based on embedded VxWorks system is dissertated. The core unit in hardware design and the principle of serial port extended unit are presented. The exchange among multi tasks and communication flow of software design are also introduced. The real-time processing of multi-serial ports communication and the modularization of software design are analyzed in detail. The test results show that this design scheme can improve CPU utilization rate and software efficiency, and extend communication range.%针对目前通信系统中串口通信，论述了基于嵌入式操作系统Vxworks扩展多个串口以进行实时通信的设计方案，给出了硬件设计核心单元以及串口扩展单元实现原理、软件多任务交互以及通信设计流程，并对多串口卡的实时性处理、程序的模块化设计进行了详细分析。通信测试结果表明该设计提高了CPU利用率和软件效率，扩展了通信范围。
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