对简易垃圾填埋场污染地下水的风险进行评价是开展地下水保护的重要手段.基于对简易垃圾填埋场污染地下水的系统结构分析,构建了包括填埋场危险性、评价对象暴露性、包气带抗污性、含水层脆弱性以及地下水危害性等影响因素的地下水污染风险评价指标体系,确定了各评价指标的取值依据和取值范围(为1～10),采用层次分析(AHP)法确定了各评价指标的权重,并建立了综合指数风险评价模型.以北天堂简易垃圾填埋场对北京市水源四厂地下水污染的风险评价为例,对该风险评价模型进行了验证.结果表明,北天堂简易垃圾填埋场对北京市水源四厂地下水污染风险指数为7.455 6,污染风险等级较高,与有关研究结果相符,证实所建立的地下水污染的综合指数风险评价模型与指标体系合理.%Risk assessment of groundwater pollution by a simple waste landfill is an important method of groundwater protection. Based on systematic structural analysis of groundwater pollution by a simple waste landfill, a risk assessment index system including landfill site risk, exposure of evaluation objects, pollution resistance ability of vadose zone, aquifer vulnerability and groundwater harmfulnesa was established. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine weights of each evaluation index, and a comprehensive index risk assessment model was developed. Beitiantang landfill was chosen as a case study to evaluate the pollution risk from the Fourth Drinking Water Plant of Beijing. The results showed that the risk evaluation index was 7. 4S56, which was relatively high. This is consistent with related previous findings, which demonstrates that the comprehensive index risk assessment model is feasible.
展开▼
