本文采用文献资料法、实验研究等方法，以2014年益阳市奥林匹克游泳馆参加游泳培训班的其中30名少年学员（男女各15名）为实验对象，进行为期12周的游泳训练，就训练前后青少年体成分和心血管机能进行对比实验研究。测试体成分（BMI系数、体脂百分比）、心血管机能（血压、心率、每搏输出量）等指标。结果表明：游泳训练前后青少年BMI明显降低，对身高没有影响；体脂百分比有不同程度的降低；青少年血压前后变化不明显；心率有不同程度的降低；每搏输出量有不同程度的增加，且都有统计学意义。%Using such methods as literature review and exper-imental research, this paper carried out an investigation on 30 adolescent students (15 boys and 15 girls) from the 2014 swim-ming training class of Yiyang Olympic Natatorium. A 12-week swimming training was carried out, and an experimental research was then made to compare their body composition and cardio-vascular function before and after the training. The indexes of body composition (BMI coefficient, and body fat percentage) and cardiovascular function (blood pressure, heart rate, and stroke volume) were measured. The result shows that: adolescents' BMI decreases significantly before and after the training, but has no influence on their body height; body fat percentage decreases to varied degrees; blood pressure changes insignificantly before and after the training; heart rate decreases to varied degrees; stroke volume increases to varied degrees; all of the above are of statistic significance.
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