The ultra-deep heavy oil in Xinjiang lost its fluidity gradually as the decreasing of temperature during lifting in wellbore. Heavy oil viscosity reduction is the effective way to reduce the lift friction in wellbore. A high temperature/pressure wellbore simulation instrument was built according to the practical oil production process. In this work,the effects of temperature,pressure and flow rate on the friction drug of wellbore lift were studied. And the friction gradient distribution in the wellbore with different viscosity reduction methods were measured. Moreo-ver,the mathematical relation of pressure drop between the wellbore flow simulation device and the actual wellbore was built onthe basis of the existing calculation model,in this way,the pressure distribution in the actual wellbore can be experimental results. Experimental results show that the pressure drop during the crude oil lifting in wellbore increased with increasing in pressure and flow rate but decreased with increasing in temperature, the increasing trend of the flow friction decreased with increasing in flow rate. The optimal mixing point for heavy oil viscosity re-duction is 3000 m underground. The effect of viscosity reduction is compound viscosity reducer>oil-soluble viscosi-ty reducer> mixing light oil.%新疆塔河油田深层稠油在井筒举升过程中,由于温度的降低,原油逐渐失去流动性.稠油降黏是有效降低井筒举升摩阻的途径.根据现场掺降黏剂工艺,建立了室内高温高压井筒流动模拟实验装置,实验研究了温度、压力及流速对稠油井筒举升流动摩阻的影响,得到了不同降黏方式井筒举升摩阻梯度分布,在已有井筒压降计算模型的基础上,构筑了室内井筒流动模拟装置与实际井筒之间的压降换算关系,得到了不同降黏方式塔河原油在实际井筒中的压力分布.实验结果表明:原油在垂直井筒中举升摩阻随压力和流速的增加而增大,随着温度的升高而降低,但流速越大,井筒流动摩阻增加趋势渐缓.在井下3000 m处掺降黏剂使稠油更易举升至井口,降黏效果为复合降黏剂>油溶性降黏剂>掺稀降黏.
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